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IMPERIALISM AND COLONIAL EMPIRES - Coggle Diagram
IMPERIALISM AND COLONIAL EMPIRES
IMPERIALISM
Context:
during the last of 19th century
European states colonised territories all ove the world
to expand
Why did the wanted to expand?
was to impose the rule of imperial states
this was called imperialism
Causes:
The need of raw materials
industrial development = more raw materials
materials that weren't found in Europe
Rivalry among industrialised countries
to guarantee supply of raw materials
secure trade routes
obtain political prestige
Population grow in Europe
Emigartion of European citizens
Ideological+cultural factors
Europeans wanted to civilise other countries
they felt racialy superior
also religious missions to
envagelise the colonies
scientific missions to
explore the geography of the colonies
Mother country: the country that the colony dependen on
in the 1914 century
the British Empire was the most extensive
controlled a quarter of the world
France in second place
COLONIAL TERRITORIES
Main ideas
colonialism
created due to the imperialist expansion
system in which a mother country exploits a colony
the different territories before
Africa
it was the most wanted
the inland part was unexploted
Asia
ancent deep-rooted culture and religion
two big countries
India
China
America
no longer a colony
independet countries
COLONISATION OF AFRICA
1885
Germany organised the Berlin West African Conference
to decide how to divide Africa
British Empire
wanted to control from Egyp to Cape Town
other powers tryes to avoid it
France
controlled Sahara and the bordeding countries
France+Portugal wanted to establish corridors one African coast to the other
Portugal
controlled a big part of the inland territories
before (1870)
after (1914)
COLONISATION OF ASIA
India
colonised by the British
it was the jewel in the Crown
it had lots of raw materials
had an estrategical location
as well as Malaysia
Indochina
colonised by France
Modern-day Indonesia
the Dutch took the power from Portugal
CHINA
was an independent country
suffered the effects of colonisation by Europe and USA
ceded control of its mines
allowed areas for trade to be divided among colonists
opened ports to internatinal trade
Canton
Shangai
The British and the Chinese
British imported opium (drug) and made lost of money
had a negative effect in the health of Chinese
initially allowed by the government
First Opium War (1839-1842)
the chinese rebelled but were defeated
Treaty of Nanking (1842)
port of Hong Kong became British colony
Boxer Rebellion (1899-1901)
result of Chinese oppostion to foreign policies---> to expel colonists
DAVID LIVINGSTONE (1813–1873)
Scottish missionary+explorer
fought againts slavery in Africa
Morton Stanley (1841–1904)
hired by King of Belgium
Killed many indigenous inhabitants of the Congo
HEGEMONY OF THE UNITED STATES IN AMERICA
America had an anti-colonialist past
USA's military interventions in all the continent
defend its interests
Hawaiian Islands
Philippines
revolts that ended with milolions of deadths
Puerto Rico
Panama Canal
encouraged them to separate from Colombia
Cuba
left in 1902
with the right for military interventions if needed
Also fought againts Spain
TYPES OF COLONIAL GOVERNMENT
Colonies
mother countries controlled all aspects
it was applied in many parts of Africa
such as Congo (controlled bu Belgium)
by France in Indochina
Protectorates
mother country only controlled economy and foreign relation
mostly used in Asia
India (controlled by British)
by Spain in Morocoo
Dominions
territories occupied allmost entirely by European people
in some territories of British Empire
Canada
Australia
new Zealand
CONSEQUENCES OF IMPERIALISM
Artificial borders
territories were divided on basis of the interest of colonists
tribes and ethnic groups divided/joined together
created conflicts in the future
Inequalities
specially in the production of goods
collonies produced cheap raw material
mother countries sold manufactures products in high prices
advances in industrialised countries
advances in
medicine
law
administration
due to racial discrimination not everybody had these benefits
Violence
againts the inhabitants
it occured in Congo
by Belgians
imposed new social structure
based on racial discrimination to the indigenous
