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Impaired Ventilation & Diffusion Diseases - Coggle Diagram
Impaired Ventilation & Diffusion Diseases
Emphysema
Diagnosis test
Pulmonary function tests
Physical examination
Chest radiograph
Manifestations
Squeaky when you breathe
Shortness of breath, especially with activity
Cough that produces a lot of mucus
Treatment
stop smoking
drug therapy
supplemental oxygen
surgery
Results from
development of inflammation
Loss of elastic recoil in alveoli
Vascular changes in lung
Smoking
Pneumonia
Manifestations
cough
Loss of appetite
Sudden fever
Diagnosis test
Chest radiograph
CT scan
Results from
Viruses
Fungi
Bacteria
Treatment
Antibiotics
Fever management
comfort measures
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Manifestations
Severe shortness of breath
Rapid breathing
low blood pressure
confusion
Diagnosis test
blood cultures
chest radiograph
Results from
Damage to the alveolar epithelium and vascular endothelium
smoking
lung infections
Lack of pulmonary blood flow
Treatment
Supplemental oxygen
mechanical ventilation
Asthma
Manifestations
chest tightness
breathlessness
Inflammation in airway
Diagnosis test
Spirmetry
chest radiograph
Results from
exact cause is unknown
environmental allergens
Treatment
peak flow testing
controlling environmental triggers
Medication
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Manifestations
Coughing or Wheezing
Excess phlegm
Shortness of breath
Diagnosis test
Spirometry
Results from
Mainly tobacco smoke
respiratory infection
family history
Air pollution
Treatment
medicine
Avoid smoking
supplemental oxygen
Chronic Bronchitis
manifestations
chronic productive cough
coughing up mucus
wheezing and crackles
Diagnosis test
chest x-ray
CT scan
pulmonary test
Results from
Chronic inflammation
destruction of cilia
Hyperplasia of bronchial mucous glands and smooth muscles
Treatment
quit smoking
antibiotic therapy
pulmonary rehabilitation
Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
Manifestations
Thick secretions
Respiratory and gastrointestinal impairment
Recurrent respiratory infections & chronic cough
Diagnosis test
Sweat test
Genetic tests
Results from
Mutation of the CF gene on chromosome 7
Build up of mucus in the breathing passages
Treatment
Clearing airways
reducing inflammation
controlling respiratory infections