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IMPERIALISM AND COLONIAL EMPIRES, NICO URRUTIA - Coggle Diagram
IMPERIALISM AND COLONIAL EMPIRES
Imperialism
In the last third of the 19th century
Most important European states expanded by colonising territories all over the world
Causes of Imperialism
Rivalry between industrialised countries
Intense population growth in Europe
Industrial development
Required more raw materials
Ideological and cultural factors
Europe wanted to civilise the rest of the world
Colonial empires in 1914
British Empire was by far the most extensive
They controlled a quarter of the world
Colonial territories
Colonisation of Asia
India peninsula was almost entirely colonised by the British
"The jewel of the Crown"
China had to concede mines to the imperialist pressure (Europe and USA).
British took advantage of the Chinese and smuggled opium.
The Chinese rebelled in the First Opium War (1839-1842).
Treaty of Nanking was signed, and Honk Kong became a British Royal colony.
The hegemony of the United States
USA began numerous military interventions: The following territories were annexed
Puerto Rico
Pacific archipelagos,
Panama canal
Cuba
The Philippines
Hawaii
Colonisation of Africa
Berlin West Africa Conference to decide how Africa would be divided
Types of colonias government
Protectorates
Territories where the mother country decided not to intervene in matters of local politics
Controlling
Economic matters
Foreign relations
Dominions
Territories of the British Empire, occupied almost entirely by a new population of European origin
Colonies
Territories where weak local power allowed mother countries to control all aspects of the country
Political
Cultural
Economic
Consequences of Imperialism
Colonial expansion consolidated inequalities
The coloialised in prducing cheap raw materials
Colonisation involved violence
Leading to atrocities
Genocide in the Belgian Congo
Artificial boders were created
Division of the territories was based on the interests of the occupying powers
Advances in industrialised countries
NICO URRUTIA
