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IMPERIALISM and COLONIAL EMPIRES - Coggle Diagram
IMPERIALISM and COLONIAL EMPIRES
IMPERIALISM
CAUSES
OF IMPERIALISM
Industrial development
Need of more raw materials
Found out of Europe
New consumer markets stablished
Rivalry between industrialised countries
Supply of raw materials
Wanted to
Secure trade routes
Have political prestige
Population growth
Europeans moved to other countries
Ideological & cultural factors
Europe wanted to "civilise" world
Had feeling of superiority
Colonial expansion, religious/scientific missions
Coinciding with start of 2nd Industrial Revolution
European states expanded colonisating
Aim --> Subject people to imperial states
1914
British Empire was most extensive
Followed by French Empire
COLONIAL TERRITORIES
Colonialism
Mother country exploited the colonies
COLONIALISATION OF
AFRICA
In was unexplored
1885 Germany organised ->
Berlin West Africa Conference
Regulated European colonialisation in Africa
Germany feared it would miss expansion
Because of their late unification
British Empire wanted to
Establish large belt colonies
From Egypt to Cape town
Others wanted to prevent this
1 more item...
France controlled
Portugal
Controlled large inland areas
1 more item...
Sahara and bordering countries
Wanted to establish corridors for trade
COLONIALISATION OF
ASIA
Indian Peninsula colonised by British
They were "the jewel in the Crown"
China -> still independent country
Ruled by
Emperor & ancient institutions
They had to
Cede control of it's mines
Allow areas of trade to be divided
Open up ports to international trade
British took advantage of Chinese
They had tolerance the opium consumption
They brought the drug illegaly & mak emoney
First Opium War
the Chinese rebelled
British won
1842 Treaty of Nanking
Port of Hong Kong became of the British
Boxer Rebellion
Chinese opposition to policies imposed
Aim: Expel the colonists
HEGEMONY of the
UNITED STATES IN AMERICA
United States
began military interventions in America
To defend it's economic/strategic interests
They left the island of Cuba
Reserved the right to military intervention
To achive this -->
They fought Spain
Encougared Panama to separate from Colombia
Subdued the Philippine rebels
Caused million civilian victims
TYPES COLONIAL GOVERMENT
Colonies
Mother countries controlled all aspects of them
Economic, political and cultural
Applied in Africa, Indochina...
Protectorates
Dominions
Territories of the British Empire
Occupied by a new population
Of European origin
Had great autonomy & own institutions
Examples: Canada, Australia and New Zealand
Mother country
Didn't intervine in politics
Only foreign relations and economic matters
Primarily in Asia
CONSEQUENCES OF IMPERIALISM
Territories were divided
Based on the interests of power
Artificial borders
were created
Dividing tribes and ethnic groups
Or joining them together
This cause conflicts in the future
Inequalities
in the production of goods
Colonies produced cheap raw materials
Mother countries manufactured them
And sold them at a higher price
Violence
against the people
This cause atrocities
Social structure of indigenous people was altered
New social order imposed
Based on racial discrimination against i.p.
Cause breakdown of tribal society
Advances in industrialised countries
In medicine, law, administration...
Because of the racial discrimination
Not everybody enjoyed benefits
