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IMEPERIALSM AND COLONIAL EMPIRES, image, image, image, image, image, image…
IMEPERIALSM AND COLONIAL EMPIRES
Imperialsm
last third of the 19th century
coinciding with the start
Second Industrial Revolution
most important European states
expanded by
colonialising all over territories
main aim
subject other peoples to imperial states
imperialism
Causes
Rivalry between industrialised countries
competed with each other
guarantee a supply of raw materials
Intense population growth
Industrial development
new raw materials sometimes found
very far from Europe
Ideological and cultural factors
Europe wanted to civilise
rest of the world
Colonial Empires in 1914
British empire
most extensive
followed by British empire
Colonial territories
development of colonialism
system
mother country exploited the colonies
depended on the circumstances
Inland Africa
unexplored
Asia
ancient deep-rooted cultures and religion
America
mostly independent
Colonialisation of Africa
Germany (1885)
Berlin West Africa Conference
how Africa would be divided
amongst the European power
different interests
late unification
Germany feared
miss its opportunity
British Empire
establish a large belt of colonies
from Egypt
to Cape Town
France
controlled the Sahara
bordering countries
Portugal
controlled large inland areas
France and Portugal
establish corridors
Colonialisation of Asia
Indian Peninsula was colonised
by British
‘the jewel in the Crown’
France took control
Indochina
Great Britain of Malaysia
China
still an independent country
rued by
its emperor
ancient institutions
had to cede control
of its mines
allow
trade
to be divided
between
colonists
British took advantage
Chinese authorities
initial tolerance of opium consumption
smuggled the drug
make large amounts of money
detriment of the population’s health
Chinese rebelled against
First Opium War
(1839–1842)
defeated by the British
After the Treaty of Nanking
signed in 1842
port of Hong Kong
British royal colony
The Hegemony of the United States in America
Despite its anti-colonialist past
United States
numerous military interventions
Annexed
Puerto Rico
Pacific archipelagos
Philippines
Panama Canal
Hawaiian Islands
Cuba
left the island of Cuba
1902
reserved the right to military intervention
fought Spain
encouraged Panama to separate
Colombia
subdued the Philippine rebels
cruel war
Types of Colonial Government
Protectorates
mother country decided not to intervene
in matters of local politics
controlling only economic matters
foreign relations
used primarily in Asia
Dominions
Territories of the British Empire
occupied almost entirely
new population of European origin
great autonomy
their own institutions
examples
Australia
New zEALAND
Canada
Colonies
weak local power allowed
control all aspects of the country
political
cultural
economic
applied in many parts of Africa
Consequences of Imperialism
inequalities in global production of goods
colonies specialised
cheap raw materia
mother countries
manufactured
sold industrial products
higher added value
involved violence against the people
atrocities like
genocide in the Belgian Congo
way territories were divided
artificial borders were created
artificial borders were created
ethnic groups
joining them together
Colonisation opened the door
advances in industrialised countries
medicine
law
administrarion
not everybody enjoy benefits
racial discrimination under colonial rule
