Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
THE LABOUR MOVEMENT AND IMPERALISM, image, image, image, image, image,…
THE LABOUR MOVEMENT AND IMPERALISM
IMPERIALISM AND COLONIAL EMPIRES
IMPERIALISM
What is it?
in the start of the Second Industrial Revolution, 19th century
to controle other foreign territories
territories became controlled by Europe
Causes
Rivalry between industrialised countries
competed with each other for the raw materials
Industrial development
raw materials were far awaw from Europe
Intense population growth
Europeans went to other countries
Ideological and cultural factors
Europe wanted to civilise the rest of the world
Consequences
inequalities
violence
arificial borders
advances in industrialised powers
COLONIAL EMPIRES
British empire was the most extensive
followed by the French
British conquisted almost 1/4 of the world
African colonialism
British wanted to establish a belt from Egypt to Cape Town
other powers wanted to prevent this
Colonialism
mother country exploited colonies for their interests
Asian colonialism
indian peninsula colonised by British
China felt the effectsofimperialism
had to cede mines and areas for important trade (for smugle drug)
China rebelled against British and were defeated (First opium War)
TYPES OF COLONIAL GOVERNMENTS
Colonies
mother countries controlled all aspects of the country
Protectorates
mother country didn't want to intervent in politic countries
only economic matters and foreign relations
Dominions
British territories, almost full of European people
great autonomy and own institutions
BISMARCKIAN SYSTEM
period of prosperity and optimism, great tension because of territorial expansionism
German chancellor designed "system alliances" to isolate France
1st system: League of the Three Emperors (Astro-Hungarian, Germany and Russia)
2nd system: Triple alliance (German and Astro-Hungarian and later joined Italy)
3rd system: Bismarck reinforced Triple Alliance and signed "Reinsurance Treaty" with Russia. Russian neutrlality from attacks by France. Mediterranean Agreements (Great Britain, Italy, Astro-Hungarian and Spain)
Triple Alliance: Germany, Astro-Hungary and Italy
Triple Entete: Russia, France and Great Britain
Arms race: tension between two blocs, each one invested in military
Control of Morocco: France and Germany fighting fot it, Germany wanted it for strategic position
Balkan wars
alliance declared war on Ottoman Empire, going out from Europe
fromer allies fought each other, Serbia won because had support of Russia
conflict between Russia and Astro-Hungary for control of Balkans, Triple Alliance and Triple Entete clashed in WWI
REIGN OF ALFONSO XII
Turnismo: a system introduced by conservative politician inwich were two main parties. Elections were manipulated in order of the party that the king had chosen
Conservative founded by Canovas del Castillo, group of moderate politicians
Liberal founded by Sagasta, ideology of Sexenio Revolucionario
Rights and freedoms was a slow process
Suffrage: not regulated by the government and constitutions
Parliament: formed by an elected Congress and Senate
Catholism. Other religions were permitted but public expressions weren't
Sovereignty: in the hands of the parliament and king
Regional problem
different politicalmovements
Problem of popular representation
differences between Official (Parliament) and Real Spain
most of citizens weren't represented in Parliament
Nationalist movements: Catalan and Basque
Colonial problem
Cuba made constant demands for greater political and comercial autonomy
Spain didn't want Cuba to become independient due to the great comercial benefits
US intervened and Spain lost
Treaty of Paris: Spain ceded Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico and Guam to US
a year later German-Spanish treaty was signed
Spain ceded Mariana Islands, caroline Islands and Palau to Germany
distaster of 98 (national crisis): Spain's colonial losses, +80K people died
Parties that supported turnismo were accused
Joaquin Costa, founder of regenerationism
Spain's population grew less than other ones because of the high death rates and the life expentancy was in 35 years
