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LIPIDS - Coggle Diagram
LIPIDS
are groups of hydrophobic biomolecules that play an important role in living organisms
The primary functions of lipids is to store energy, but they are used for protection, insulation and lubrication. Moreover, lipids are a key component of cell membranes.
They are four classes of lipids that are all insoluble in water
Phospholipids
contain glycerol, two fatty acids and a phosphate group
are extremely important because they have an unique properties in regard to water
They have an head hydrophilic and two tails hydrophobic
This structure is the major conpounent of plasma membranes of cells
Steroids
are composed of four rings of carbon bonded together
the colesterol is the most known steroid
it is the precursore of testosterone, estrogen, vitamin D and cortisone.
it is present in plasma membranes which function is to stabilize the membrane
Triglycerides
this group include fats and oils
Oils are liquind at room temperature anda are used by plants for long-term energy storage
Fats are solids at room temperature and are used by animal for insulation, protection and long-term energy storage
at molecular level this type of lipids contein glycerol and three fatty acids that are bonded together by the process of dehydration synthesis
Fatty acids are made of a hydrocarbon chain, a methyl group and an acid group
They can be saturated or unsaturated
Saturated fatty acids have only one single c-c bonds
Unsaturated fatty acids have a c-c double bond
an example of unsaturated fatty acids is a trans-fats
The consumption of trans fats has been associated to cardiovascular disease
Waxes
are non polar and repel water. They are found on leaves or outer surfaces of animals. Waxes are also produced in the ears of some animals to protect the eardrum and are used by bees for construct honey combs