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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Coggle Diagram
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
alkenes
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hydrogenation at 200C, nickel as catalyst
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rxn with steam (hydration) at 300C, 60 atm, phosphoric (V) acid catalyst
catalytic cracking - production of alkene from alkane. hydrocarbon is heated and vapours pass over catalyst (alumina or silica)
alcohols
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used as fuels, perfumes, solvents in glues, printing inks
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oxidation by oxidising agent, potassium dichromate or potassium manganate
production of ethanol
addition rxn of ethene wtih steam - 300C, 60 atm, phosphoric acid as catalyst
adv. - high purity, no waste products
disadv. - uses crude oil (non renewable)
maintaining a high temp. and pressure is expensive, special equipment required
fermentation of glucose - 37C, yeast, absence of oxygen
adv. - glucose is a renewable source, low cost
disadv. - product is impure, yeast dies so fermentation stops
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carboxylic acids
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weak acids, partially disassociate into H+ ions
ethanoic acid - oxidation of ethanol by an OA such as potassium manganate with warming. oxidation happens by o2 present in air, in the presence of bacteria
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esterification
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sweet smelling - used in perfumes, artificial food flavourings, solvents in cosmetics