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Textile - Coggle Diagram
Textile
Quality Main Criteria
:red_flag:1.Color
:red_flag:2.Color Fatness (độ bền màu)
:red_flag:3.Fabric Width (khổ vải)
Mã Trọng(fabric weight-kg)
5.Độ xiên
Số kim
7.Color Shading-Loang Màu
Biên khác màu
9.Khác cây
Móc sợi
Cảm giác tay
Độ Lông
13.Sọc ngang, dọc
14.Crease-Nếp gấp
Elastic - Độ co giãn
Fabric Manufacturing Process
1.Yarn Preparation
2.
Knitting(Đan)
2.1 Yarn Bobbin Loading
2.2 Knitting
2.3 Yarn Bobbin Unloading
2.4 Greige(Gray) Collection
3.
Coloration
:star::3.1
Dyeing(Nhuộm)
3.1.2 Dyeing
3.1.3 Chemical Dispensing
3.1.1 Recipe Formulation
Dyeing machine
Jet dyeing
Jet dyeing is a process that can be used for batch dyeing operations such as dyeing, bleaching, washing and rinsing. In this process, dyeing is accomplished in a closed tubular system, basically composed of an impeller pump and a shallow dye bath.
Beam dyeing
Wet process where either warp yarns or fabric is wound onto a perforated beam. The dye liquor is forced through the perforations on the inside of the beam to the outside (and vice versa) in order to impart color.
Yarn Dyeing
When dyeing is done after the fiber has been spun into yarn, it is called yarn dyeing. In this method, the dyestuff penetrates the fibers to the core of the yarn. Yarn dyeing is slightly difference from woven or knit dyeing.
Jigger Dyeing
Jigg or jigger dyeing machine is one of the oldest dyeing machine used for cloth dyeing operations. Dyes use for dyeing fabric in Jig or Jigger dyeing machine which is suitable for woven fabric than knitted fabric because jigger exert considerable lengthwise tension on the fabric.
Circulation dyeing
3.2 Coating
3.3 Printing
3.0 Preparation
3.01. Singeing
3.0.2 Desizing
3.0.3 Scouring
3.0.4 Bleaching
3.0.5 Heat setting
Dye method
Fiber Dyeing
Yarn Dyeing
Fabric Dyeing
4.
Setting-Post-Treatment (Định hình)
4.1 Fabric Drying(Vắt nước vải sau nhuộm)
4.2 Fabric Spreading(Trải thẳng vải)
4.3 Fabric Heating (Sấy khô vải)
4.4 Sizing
:star:5.
VAP- Value Added Process
5.1 Finishing Process
Napping(đánh bông)
De-pilling(scouring) (chống sù lông)
Shearing( tỉa lông)
Polishing(đánh bóng)
Brushing(cào lông)
Washing
5.2 Special Finishing Process
Crease recovery(Chống nhăn)
Flame retardant(Chống cháy)
Water repellent(Chống nước)
Antibacterial(Chống khuẩn)
Antistatic(Chống tĩnh điện)
Moth proofing(Chống mối-mọc)
Softening(Làm mềm vải)
Hand-builder (Thủ công)
6.
Packing
Classification of Dyes
Natural Dyes
: Natural dyes are colour substances obtained from natural sources.
Vegetable Dyes
: The earliest dyes were of vegetable origin, discovered by accidentally staining garments with juices of fruits or plants. Vegetable dyes are obtained from different parts of plants such as leaves, flowers, fruits, pods, bark etc. These vegetable dyes can be applied directly or with different mordants
Animal Dyes
: Dyes extracted from certain insects and invertebrates are called as animal dyes. Various shades of red and purple were obtained from animal origin. Cochineal, Tyrian purple and Lac are the commonly used animal dyes.
Mineral Dyes
:Dyes extracted from mineral sources are called as mineral dyes. Most widely used mineral dyes are Iron, which produces yellowish brown shades, chrome yellow, prussian blue and manganese brown. The dyes obtained from mineral sources may be poisonous and hence are not being used commercially
:red_flag:
Synthetic Dyes
:Dyes that are produced chemically are called as synthetic dyes. These are classified based on the chemical composition of the dye
Direct Dyes
Reactive Dyes
Basic Dyes
Acid Dyes
Mordant or Chrome Dyes
Disperse Dyes
Vat Dyes
Sulphur Dyes
Azoic Dyes or Napthol Dyes
Pigment Dyes
Optical Brightners(colourless dyes): These dyes absorb light at UV-region and emit blue light in visible region. It may be applied during bleaching or with the final finish. These dyes have affinity for cotton but are also used for wool, nylon, acetate and acrylics.
website to gain knowledge
https://textilelearner.net/category/apparel/
https://www.textileschool.com/textiles/finishing/printing-dyeing/
https://textiledetails.com/textile-manufacturing-process/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cRXzN14NK0s&ab_channel=TextileVlog
Fabric
Source Fiber
Cotton (bông)
Wool (lông thú)
man-made fiber(Sợi tự nhiên) / Synthetic (sợi tổng hợp)
Silk (Lụa tơ tằm)
Manufacture
Knit (đan)
Knit fabric is a textile that results from interlocking yarn together with long needles.
two categories
Weft knitting
(đan ngang) is a fabric knit in which the loops run back and forth
warp knitting
(đan dọc) is a fabric knit in which the loops run up and down
knit fabric to make items like t-shirts and other shirtings, sportswear, swimwear, leggings, socks, sweaters, sweatshirts, and cardigans
Characteristic
Stretchy and flexible
Wrinkle-resistant
Soft
Easy to maintain
Easy to damage
Difficult to sew
Fabrication
Single Jersey (Polo, T-shirt)
Double Jersey (jacket, Sweatshirt)
Interlock Jersey (sweater)
Jacquard Jersey(sweater)
Clocque Jersey
Woven(Dệt)
Characteristic
Very structured
Susceptible to wrinkles and creases
Often coarse
Durable
Easy to sew
Expensive
Woven fabric is a textile that results from weaving two sets of yarn together. Manufacturers use looms to weave vertical warp threads and horizontal weft threads together to create woven fabric.
Woven fabric is a common textile for structured items like blazers and coats and upholstery items.
Fabrication
Twill
Satin
Oxford
Plain
Dobby
Jacquard
Non-Woven
Braid / twist/felt
Command fiber blend
Polyester & Wool
Polyester & Viscose
Terylene & Rayon
Linen & Cotton
Line & Silk
Silk & Wool
Silk & Cotton
Cotton & Polyester
Rayon & Cotton
Technical Fabric
What?
Technical fabric is one kind of fabric that is produced for a specific function. It is specially engineered fabrics to satisfy specific needs that will not be met with regular textiles or fabrics
Application?
bullet-proof vests which protect against bullets for soldiers, police officers, heat resistance suit which protect firefighters from extreme heat and don’t burn. It is also used in sports wear accessories e.g., joggers, sneakers as it is lightweight and it doesn’t absorb sweat. Technical fabrics are also widely used in roofs, tents and curtain because of its UV-protection.
Type?
Stain or water repellent
: Table cloth, curtains, furniture, car, bus, train. Airplane seats.
Flame retardant:
All textile interiors of buildings and transport systems
Anti-static behavior
: Upholstery and seat covers
Anti-bacterial behavior
: Bedding, medical textiles
UV- protection
: Roofs, tents, awnings, blinds, curtains
Insect repellent
: Tents, nets, odor absorption, bedding, furniture, car, bus, train, airplane seats
Capacity Management
Knitting
Dyeing
VAP
Yarn Manufacturing Process
1.Cleaning
2.Bleding
3.Mixing
4.Carding
5.Roving
6.Spining
7.Auto Winding
8.Steaming
1 more item...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5nUjGNDImIk&ab_channel=TextileVlog
Fiber(Sợi thô) -> Yarn/Thread(Sợi / Chỉ) -> Fabric(vải) -> Garment
