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Kim Kardashian
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Kim Kardashian
Operant Learning: the principle that we learn new information as a result of the consequences of our behavior. The person learns from the consequences of his or her own actions. (Chapter 2.1)
Kim Kardashian learned that by going out in public in lounge clothes such as sweatpants she is subject to have paparazzi photos posted online. Because Kim does not want to be photographed without makeup in the first few seasons of her reality show, she learns to only leave her home when she has her hair and makeup professionally done.
Observational Learning: also known as "modeling" is the idea that people learn by observing the behavior of others. (Chapter 2.1)
Kim Kardashian's first job in the public eye was Paris Hilton's assistant. Kim watched how Paris behaved in terms of her social interactions, public appearances, and how she treated her fans. The public credits Paris for giving Kim a sneak peek into her future and modeling the right way to be a celebrity.
Self-fulfilling prophecy: is a process that occurs when our expectations about others lead us to behave toward those in ways that make those expectations come true. (Chapter 2.1)
Kim Kardashian did not like her sister Kourtney's ex-boyfriend Scott Disick. She believed he was an immature man who only wanted to party and cause problems. Kim often spoke to Scott in an aggressive way which made him want to fight back. Kims expectations of Scott were coming true as a result of her own actions. Kourtney asked Kim multiple times to be cordial as he is the father of her children.
Overconfidence: the cognitive process where we tend to have more confidence in our skills, abilities, and judgements than is objectively warranted. (Chapter 2.2)
Kim Kardashian was overconfident in her ability to pass the baby bar exam for law school for the first time around. She had a private tutor but she underestimated the amount of study time required as she thought she was knowledgeable on the subject area. Kim had to retake the test a total of three times.
Self-concept: a knowledge representation that contains knowledge about us, including our beliefs about our personality traits, physical characteristics, abilities, values, goals and roles. (Chapter 4.1)
Kim Kardashian did a Vogue article in 2022 regarding how she is going to be choosing herself since her divorce with Kayne West. In the article she says I am going to eat well. I am going to work out. I am going to have fun, spend time with my kids, and the people who make me happy. Kim goes on to describe herself as mature, minimilist, and single.
Self-esteem: the positive (high self-esteem) or negative (low self-esteem) feelings that we have about ourselves. (Chapter 4.2)
Kim Kardashian exhibits high self esteem when she found out she passed the baby bar exam, when she has each of her children, and each time she got married on the show.
Kim Kardashian exihibits low self esteem when she is having relationship issues, when her outfits do not go to plan, or if she sees a photograph of her online that she does not feel confident in.
Self-awareness: the extent to which we are currently fixing our attention on our own self-concept. (Chapter 4.1)
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Kim Kardashian often becomes self-aware and self-conscious during modeling projects. Because she is typically on the business side of things, when she has to model for a project especially in a bathing suit or skipmer clothing she gets nervous and starts to doubt herself. For example, when she models for Playboy for the first time. She asks for pearls to cover herself,
Social comparison: occurs when we learn about our abilities and skills, about the appropriateness and validity of our opinions, and about our relative social status by comparing our own attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors with those of others. (Chapter 4.3)
Kim Kardashian often finds herself with feelings of upward social comparison before big events to make herself feel as though she does not have a status that belongs there. For example, she feels out of place at the MET gala the first time she attends.
Overjustification:occurs when we view our behavior as caused by the situation, leading us to discount the extent to which our behavior was actually caused by our own interest in it. (Chapter 5.3)
Kim Kardashian once enjoyed during her own makeup but is now less passionate about since opening her own makeup company.
Cognitive dissonance: the discomfort that occurs when we behave in ways that we see as inappropiate, such as when we fail to live up to our own expectations (Chapter 5.3)
Kim Kardashian views herself as an animal lover and sometimes explains her discomfort when eating one of her many chicken salads in her kitchen and she mentions how it makes her sad that she is in fact eating a chicken.
Social influence: is the influence of other people on our everyday thoughts, feelings, and behavior. (Chapter 7.0)
Kim Kardashian West often feels pressure to dress similarly to how her friends and now ex-husband Kayne West are wearing at press events. For example one year at the Met Ball Kim wore a black body suit that covered everything but her face as her husband was doing the same.
Conformity: is the change in beliefs, opinions, and behaviors as a result of our perceptions about what other believe people or do.(Chapter 7.0)
Kim Kardashian changed her political beliefs to match those of her ex-husband when they were married. After they broke up Kim revealed she only supported Donald Trump because her husband at the time Kayne West did.
Altruism: any behavior that is designed to increase another person's welfare and the completed behavior does not seem to be a direct reward to the person who performs it. (Chapter 9.1)
Kim Kardashian advocated for disaster relief programs. In 2017 Kim answered phone calls to take donations for the victims of Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico. The show raised $35 million for the cause.
Personal distress: when we experience negative emotions because we view another person's suffering. (Chapter 9.2)
Kim Kardashian's ex husband Kayne West wrote online about his struggle with bipolar disorder. In an episode of KUWTK, viewers see Kim's raw reaction to reading the tweets and an abundance of negative emotions in the form of sadness and frustration.
Diffusion of responsibility: happens when an individual believes another person will take action so they do not take action. (Chapter 9.3)
Kim Kardashian was driving and passed a car accident but saw other people pulled over helping so she kept driving. She assumed they had already contacted the police.
Nonphysical agression: is aggression that does not include any physical violence or harm. (Chapter 10.1)
Kim Kardashian and her sisters engage in nonphysical agression in the form of yelling, swearing, and name-calling during most episodes. One particular fight about copying each others outfits resulted in a week long standoff. The sisters did not communicate for one week after the swearing incident that belittled Kourtney, Kiim's older sister,
Ingroup favoritism- is the tendency to respond more positively to people from our in-groups than we do to people from our outrgoups. (Chapter 12.2)
Kim Kardashian often has ingroup favoritism and tends to stick with the same group social group of popular celebrities.
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Stereotype: is the positive or negative belief one holds about the characteristics of a social group. (Chapter 12)
Women often strive to be a stereotype of Kim Kardashian as they admire her fashion, family values, and celebrity status.
Discrimination: are unjustified negative behaviors toward members of outgrips based on their group membership (Chapter 12).
Kim Kardashian speaks in interviews about how she sees how much discriminatory behavior happens in the prison reform system. Her goal is to become a lawyer so she can assist those discriminated against racially and help them get out of jail to start a new life.
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