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LIPIDS - Coggle Diagram
LIPIDS
functions
insulation
energy storage
protection
lubrication
cell membranes
hormone precursors
TRYGLICERIDS
fats are solid at room temperature
butter
HYDROGENATION
converts liquid tryglicerides to solid ones
oils are liquid at room temperature
STORAGE
corn oil
3 fatty acids
hydrocarbon chain
methyl group
acid group
saturated = C-C single bonds
they have an higher melting point -> fats
unsaturated = C-C double bonds
they have a lower melting point -> oils
TRANS
formed during the production of
processed food
H atoms are introduced to increase shelf life and melting point of the fat
cardiovascular disease
glycerol
formed through
dehydration synthesis (+ 3H2O)
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
glycerol
HYDROPHILIC head
2 fatty acids
HYDROPHOBIC tail
phosphate group
they form a structure where
the hydrophilic heads face outwards
towards water
the hydrophobic tails face inwards
away from water
cell membranes
STEROIDS
four rings with different funcional groups
cholesterol
is needed for
synthesis of other steroids
cortisone
estrogen
plasma membrane
it stabilizes the membrane
testosterone
vitamin D
WAXES
non polar
leaves
ears of animals
honeycomb
long-chain fatty acid bonded to a long-chain alcohol
hydrophobic molecules
they're all insoluble in water
phobic = fear of
hydro = water