LIPIDS
hydrophobic molecules
functions
insulation
energy storage
protection
lubrication
cell membranes
hormone precursors
they're all insoluble in water
phobic = fear of
hydro = water
STEROIDS
TRYGLICERIDS
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
WAXES
fats are solid at room temperature
oils are liquid at room temperature
STORAGE
butter
corn oil
3 fatty acids
glycerol
hydrocarbon chain
methyl group
acid group
saturated = C-C single bonds
unsaturated = C-C double bonds
they have an higher melting point -> fats
they have a lower melting point -> oils
TRANS
formed during the production of
processed food
H atoms are introduced to increase shelf life and melting point of the fat
cardiovascular disease
formed through
dehydration synthesis (+ 3H2O)
glycerol
2 fatty acids
phosphate group
HYDROPHILIC head
HYDROPHOBIC tail
they form a structure where
the hydrophilic heads face outwards
the hydrophobic tails face inwards
towards water
away from water
cell membranes
four rings with different funcional groups
cholesterol
is needed for
synthesis of other steroids
cortisone
estrogen
plasma membrane
testosterone
vitamin D
it stabilizes the membrane
non polar
leaves
ears of animals
honeycomb
long-chain fatty acid bonded to a long-chain alcohol
HYDROGENATION
converts liquid tryglicerides to solid ones