Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
SPL - Coggle Diagram
SPL
Judiciary
Functions
(with examples)
Dispute resolution
Judicial review
Protecting fundamental rights
Independence of Judiciary
Separation of power
Security of tenure
Salaries
Powers
Need?
prevents misuse
protects fundamental rights
Structure
Supreme Court (highest court) 2. High courts (state) 3. District Courts (Local)
Appellate system
Integrated judiciary
PIL Keywords
By Supreme court
access to judiciary
protection of fundamental right to constitutional remedies
Criminal and Civil Law
Why do we need a Parliament
Indian democracy
Federal
3 levels of the govt- National, state and local
Parliamentary
2 houses
Majority/ ruling party
Opposition
Coalition
Representative
Complex political issues
lower sections of the society represented
huge population
Structure
Difference b/w LS and RS
1.Alternative names
2.Members (Elected and nominated)
3.Tenure- permanent or temporary
Elections
Presiding officer/ Chairperson
Lok Sabha/ Lower House
Office of the President
Elections
Universal Adult Franchise
Constituency
Parliamentary constituency (National); Assembly constituency (state); Ward (Local)
One representative per constituency
Member of the Parliament- MP (National); Member of Legislative Assembly- MLA (State);
Warm member (Local)
Keyword- Bicameral
Rajya Sabha/ Upper House/ Council of States
Functions
Control, guide and inform the govt
Opposition, feedback, shortcomings, question hour
3.Law making
introduce new laws (bill), amend existing laws
To select the National Govt
Executive branch, implements laws, PM and his council of ministers
History
Colonialism- no representation, no voice in decision making, INC, Govt of India Acts 1909, 1919 and 1935
Understanding marginalization
Adivasis/ Scheduled Tribes
Identity
diversity of language, culture, customs and beliefs
Development
Displacement
Dams
Mining
Forest policies
Opportunities
Education
Literacy rate
social prejudice
Employment
How to address their marginalization
Article 15- no discrimination
Right to Freedom of Religion
Cultural and Educational rights
Reservations
Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) 1989
Keywords
Exclusion
margins/ periphery
access
power
inferior status
Muslims/ Religious minority
Minority
number
no or limited access to resources
Identity
Customs, religious practice, clothing- burqa, hijab, fez
Development
Resources
2008 study of pucca house, tap water and electricity
Housing
Ghettoization
Ghettos
Opportunities
Education
literacy rate
Social prejudice
lack of schools in the locality
communal tensions
Employment
poor representation- public sector data
discrimination during interviews
How to address their marginalization
Article 15- no discrimination
Right to Freedom of Religion
Cultural and Educational rights