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Pulmonary Hypertension - Coggle Diagram
Pulmonary Hypertension
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Patient Advocacy
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The median age at the time of diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension was 60 years and 29% of the patients were 70 years or older.
Individuals who reach the age of 40 might have a lifetime risk of one in ten of developing pulmonary hypertension.
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Up to 50–70 million individuals, almost 1% of all people, are affected by pulmonary hypertension worldwide.
Adaptation
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Surgery: surgery may be necessary to treat underlying conditions that contribute to pulmonary hypertension, such as congenital heart defects
Anti-platelet therapy: may be used in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension to prevent blood clots from forming in the lungs ex. Aspirin, clopidogrel
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Compassion and Empathy
Conditions such as COPD and cystic fibrosis causes higher blood pressure in the arteries and chronic hypoxemia that causes hypertension
Emphysema is characterized by the destruction of the alveolar destruction causes loss of lung elasticity with hyperinflation of lung tissues that lead to pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than 25 mm Hg at rest with a normal range of 15 to 18 mm Hg.
Aortic stenosis causes resistance of blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta which leads to an increased end-diastolic pressure resulting into HTN.
Ethical Practice
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Shortness of breath, especially during physical activity
Cultural Competence
Manefestations of tachypnea, dyspnea, fatigue, and discomfort in the chest.
A head to toe assessment will show peripheral edema, jugular venous distention, palpable pulsations of the chest wall, accentuated of the second heart sound.
Indication of hypertension can be an enlarged right heart or an ECG that reveals right ventricular hypertrophy.
A tricuspid valve or pulmonic valve murmur may be heard with due to hypertrophy of the heart that indicates HTN.
Lifelong Practice
Measuring of blood pressure on two seperate occasions. During measurment, the individual must be seated, with arm at heart level, at rest for at least 5 minutes, and person shouldn't have had smoked or drank caffeine.
24 hour blood pressure monitoring in suspected indidivduals. Also monitoring electrolytes, glucose, lipids, and an electrocardiogram (ECG).
People who have sustained elevated high blood pressure are assumed to have primary hypertension unless patient history and physical exam states secondary hypertension.
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