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The Eye and Vision, Visual Perception II - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Bipolar cells
        
        Ganglion cells
        
        Amacrine cells
      - Horizontal cells
  - - - Inner Plexiform
        
        Inner nuclear layer
        
        Outer Plexiform
        
        Outer nuclear layer
        
        Photoreceptor Outer segment
        
        Pigmented Epithelium
- - - - Night vision
      - One photopigment (black/white)
        
        Rhodopsin
        
        Opsin +Retinal
      - Periphery rich in rods
      - Rhodopsin pigment
    - - Daylight vision
      - 3 photopigments
        
        Photopsin I, II, II
      - Fovea rich
  - - - Low spatial resolution
      - Very sensitive to light
    - - High spatial resolution
      - Relatively insensitive to light
- - - - Ca+ channels open
    - - Ca2+ channels close
  - - - Light absorped by Rhodopsin (Retinal +Opsin)
        
        Induced conversion of 11 cis retinal to all trans retinal
        
        Conformational change
        
        Opsin activates transducin
        
        Transducin activates PDE
        
        PDE breaks down cGMP
        
        1 more item...
    - - Retinal in 11-cis formation
        
        Guanylyl cyclase converts GTP → cGMP
        
        cGMP activates Na+ channels
        
        Na+ influx depolarises membrane
        
        Release of Glutamate
- - - - Direct connection from photoreceptors
    - - Connection from photoreceptors through horizontal cells