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Introduction to Network (Chapter 1) - Coggle Diagram
Introduction to Network
(Chapter 1)
Computer Network
A network is a group of computers and other devices (such as
printers) that are connected by some type of transmission media.
Advantages of Computer Network
Saves money
Saves times
Disadvantages
Data security concerns
Undesirable sharing
Client/Server Network Elements
Client
A computer on the network that requests resources or services
from another computer on a network.
Server
A computer on the network that manages shared resources.
Network Interface Card (NIC)
The device inside a computer that connects a computer to the network media
Network Operating System (NOS)
The software that runs on a server and enables the server to manage data, users, groups, security, applications, and other networking functions.
Host
A computer that enables resource sharing by other computers on the same network.
Node
A client, server, or other device that can communicate over a network and that is identified by a unique number, known as its network address
Connectivity Device
A specialized device that allows multiple networks or multiple parts of one network to connect and exchange data.
Backbone
The part of a network to which segments and significant shared
devices (such as routers, switches, and servers) connect.
Segment
A part of a network. Usually, a segment is composed of a group of nodes that use the same communications channel for all their traffic
Topology
The physical layout of a computer network
Protocol
A format for communication between networked devices
Transmission Media
The means through which data are transmitted and received.
Workstation
A personal computer (such as a desktop or laptop), which may or may not be connected to a network; most clients are workstation computers.
Fundamental of network models
Peer-to -Peer Networks (P2P )
A peer-to-peer network is an information
technology (IT) infrastructure allowing two or more computer systems to connect and share resources without requiring a separate server or server software
Clients/Server Network
Another way of designing a network is to use a central computer, known as a server; to facilitate communication and resource sharing between other computers on the network, which are known as clients
Type of networks
Local Area Network
A local area network (LAN) consists of a series of computers linked together to form a network in a circumscribed location
Wide Area Networks
LANs separated by geographic distance are connected by a network known as a WAN
Other types of networks include
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Wireless LAN (WLAN)
Storage Area Network (SAN)
Personal Area Network (PAN)
The internets
LANs use WAN services to
interconnect
Extranet
shared content accessed by groups through cross-enterprise boundaries
Intranet
shared content accessed by members within a single organization
Four basic Requirments of a reliable network
Fault Tolerance
A fault-tolerant network is one that limits the effect of a failure, so that the fewest number of devices are affected by it. It is also built in a way that enables quick recovery when such a failure occurs. Fault-tolerant networks depend on multiple paths between the source and destination of a message
Scalability
A scalable network can expand quickly to support new users and applications without affecting the performance of the service being delivered to existing users
Quality of service
Quality of service is also an ever-increasing requirement of
networks today
Security
Securing a network infrastructure includes physically securing devices that provide network connectivity, and preventing unauthorized access to the management software that resides on those devices
