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Health :<3:, Migration, Sociology - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Health promotion and disease prevention structurally
- - - - Age of man-made disease (chronic conditions)
      - Age of receding pandemics (age expectancy 50)
      - Age of famine&pestilence (age expectancy 20-30)
    - - multiple disease mechanisms
        
        Fundamental Cause Theory
        
        4) Must persist over time (historical) and place despite change in mechanisms and outcomes
        
        SES/Social Stratification
        
        Social Gradient in Health
        
        Social Causation (SES -> Health)
        
        Social Selection (Health -> SES)
        
        Education (easy to measure)
        
        social capital
        
        network
        
        cultural capital
        
        knowing forks and spoons at a fancy restaurant
        
        knowledge to make informed decisions
        
        coping skills
        
        disease onset
        
        mortality
        
        psychosocial factors (social support)
        
        Occupation
        
        prestige dictates:
        
        access to ressources
        
        economic ressources
        
        Socioeconomic status
        
        Max Weber's theory involves stratification
        
        Hierarchically ordered along continuum according to:
        
        5 more items...
        
        Social Class
        
        Karl Marx's theory involves groups of people
        
        people in the same class are similar in terms of resources and their relationship to the means of production
        
        2 more items...
        
        Racism (Global & Persistent)
        
        Differential Return
        
        race
        
        observed race
        
        racial self-classification
        
        phenotype
        
        racial ancestry
        
        racial identity
        
        Structural factors (anti-immigration rhetoric, housing conditions, poverty, etc)
        
        social location
        
        Strucural Racism (MACRO)
        
        white domination in government leadership, education, media, banking, medicine, justice system, etc.
        
        whites disproportionally hold individual flexible ressources
        
        social psychological advantages
        
        Neighborhoods "cityhood (?) movement"
        
        buisness move away to keep segregation
        
        nutrition
        
        protection and crime
        
        toxic environement exposure
        
        medical care
        
        fewer recreational outlets
        
        Personally-mediated (MESO)
        
        Discrimination
        
        Internalized Racism (MICRO)
        
        Allostatic Load
        
        Stress
        
        Weathering hypothesis
        
        1 more item...
        
        Gender
        
        Division of labor
        
        Power Differentials
        
        Function limitation
        
        Character traits
        
        Socially constructed
        
        Sex (biological)
        
        Gender opportunity (shapes choices and expectations)
        
        Constrained choices = increased risk of disease
        
        Transgender and non-conforming health
        
        Mechanisms:
        
        Stress Exposure
        
        Gender expectation
        
        Geography
        
        What does it affect?
        
        Built environment
        
        Exposure to toxins, quality of buildings, noise + light, green space
        
        Health behaviours
        
        Smoking, exercise, diet
        
        1 more item...
        
        Social climate
        
        Social networks and collective efficacy (capitalizing on resources to achieve a common goal) vs isolation and disconnection (typically in low density areas)
        
        Vulnerability to climate change + natural disasters
        
        Low SES have the greatest financial loss, distress, overall inability to respond to disasters
        
        Urban temperature islands
        
        Downstream social determinants
        
        Socioeconomic mobility (good schools, jobs, healthy food, public transport, health care, crime + policing, 911 response)
        
        History of places and people who lived there affect contemporary health related risks/resources
        
        Slavery in the southern US affected the sociohistorical, economic, political structure
        
        Redlining of areas deemed as sub-par led to housing depreciation in selective neighbourhoods and segregation (because of anti-black racism)
        
        Education, political structure were not establish in the south
        
        What are the trends?
        
        Southeast USA
        
        Northern Canada
        
        Rurality due to rural mortality penalty
        
        2) Must pattern access to variety of resources
        
        Money
        
        Knowledge
        
        Power
        
        Prestige
        
        Beneficial social networks
        
        1) Cannot be eliminated by addressing mechanisms linking them to disease
        
        3) Must be linked to health through a variety of mechanisms
- - - - Biological condition
- - - - holistic worldviews
      - history
      - ressources
- - - - Individual level factors (education, age, SES, motivation, perseverence)
      - State level factors (immigration policy for health, education, language)