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What is a Process, example, Process owners, The SIPOC diagram is often an…
What is a Process
Resources and Assignment
Processes require resources. Like a motor vehicle requires fuel or electricity to run, a process requires resources such as power, people, cash, digital bandwidth, computer equipment, machinery, supplies, parts, and even skill.
Major Process Components
Processes are made up of components that include inputs, outputs, events, tasks (activities), and decisions.
Inputs enter the process when a specific event occurs; tasks and decisions are performed upon or with the inputs. At the end of the process, an output is generated.
A process is a collection of tasks, steps, or activities that are performed, usually in a specific order, and result in an end product such as a tangible good or the provision of a service.
The Steps
Whether physical, digital, or ideological, every process is a series of some number of steps. You can put those steps on paper in the form of instructions—often called a standard operating procedure in a formal business training or policy document -- or a visual diagram known as a process map.
Processing Time
Processes all take a certain amount of time, and processing time can change with a variety of factors. Process maps and documents can only record information such as the average time a process takes or measures of variation in the processing time.
Interdependencies
Almost any process in a business will be dependent upon one or more other processes. Remember, the business itself is a series of linked processes all working toward the same goal or goals. Sometimes, interdependencies are noted on processes maps. Other times, interdependencies are resource-related.
example
Customer places an orderfora medium cheese pizza.
Process: Make medium cheese pizza
Inputs:
Cheese Dough Sauce
Oven temperature
Cook time
Tasks:
Putting the ingredients together
Placing pizza in oven
Taking pizza out of oven
Decisions:
What size crust/how many ingredietns?
How long does the pizza cook for?
Output:
a medium cheese pizza
All Components Are Related
You’re probably noticing that processes can be extremely complex, and the relationships between all the components are equally complex. Inputs can be outputs from previous processes; outputs can be inputs in the next process. A decision might result in an event that starts a new process, but it can also be the factor that decides which task begins.
Six Sigma teams work with processes – observing them, diagramming them, and measuring them – the teams begin to understand the relationships of the components, and that helps them make decisions about possible improvements and changes.
Process owners
what do owners do
Monitor how the process performs, usually using one or more metrics or regularly reported data elements.
• Understand how the process fits into the overall business, why the output of the process is critical to business goals, and what inputs feed the process.
• Ensures the process is documented via standard operating procedures (SOPs) and that process documentation is kept current and accurate.
• Ensures operators within the process have the resources and training they need to complete their jobs.
• A person in charge of a very specific process or function
• A team supervisor or department manager
• An executive-level individual who is probably responsible for a number of processes in his or
her division
The SIPOC diagram is often an important part of the define stage of a Six Sigma project. But you can use the SIPOC diagram anytime you want to learn more about a process or understand how a process in a business environment is linked to other processes.
SIPOC stands for Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Outputs, and Customer.
The SIPOC diagram is one of the most often used tools for understanding process components and process relevance because it is so effective and simple.
You can create a SIPOC diagram as an individual exercise or within a team environment. SIPOCs can be created using a computer and software tool such as Word or Excel, but you can also draw them freehand on a whiteboard or piece of paper.
Step 1: Create Swim Lanes
Step 2: Set Boundaries and Name Your Process
Name Outputs and Customers
Name Inputs and Suppliers
Step 3: Complete Swim Lanes
Step 4: Validate the Information
four process