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Evaluating capacity, duration and encoding in the Multi-store model -…
Evaluating capacity, duration and encoding in the Multi-store model
Capacity
Jacobs
using the digit span technique, Jacobs found that participants reached their maximum capacity at 9 numbers and 7 letters
Miller
reviewed research and found that the capacity of memory could be increased when information is chucked together
Conclusion: the capacity of the STM is limited. The capacity of the STM can be increased through chucking
Duration
Peterson
Found that 90% of participants could recall nonsense trigrams after 3 seconds but only 5% after 18 seconds
Bahrick
Found that participants who had left school in the 15 years correctly identified 90% of faces and names from a set of names and photos. Those who had left in the last 48 years identified 80% of names
Conclusion: Peterson & Peterson suggested that STM has a duration of around 18-30 seconds. Bahrick concluded that the duration of LTM is long lasting
Encoding
Baddeley- STM
Found that participants who were given acoustically similar words recalled only 10% of words when STM was tested
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Conclusion: the STM condition recalled fewer acoustically similar words due to confusion suggesting STM encodes acoustically. The LTM condition recalled fewer semantically similar words due to confusion suggesting LTM encodes semantically
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