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Python - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Integer Division
      - Print statement
      - Unicode Support
      - Exception Handling
      - Division Operator
      - Syntax Changes
      - Python 3 is not backward-compatible with Python 2
  - - - Python Modules Custom Modules
        
        import
        
        math
        
        math.pow()
        
        math.degrees()
        
        math.sqrt()
        
        random
        
        random.randint()
        
        random.random()
        
        random.sample()
        
        random.seed()
        
        this
        
        key ideas
        
        Tips for writing maintainable, readable, and efficient code
        
        Philosophy and design principles
        
        Simplicity in programming
        
        Zen of Python
        
        Good coding practices
      - Libraries / Collection
        of Modules
        
        pip install
        
        import
        
        import
        
        Pandas
        
        OpenCV
        
        Matplotlib
        
        Turtle
        
        NumPy
        
        Pygame
    - - Conditional Statements
        
        If / Else
        
        Elif
        
        Flat
        
        Nested
      - Errors / Bugs
        
        Exception Handling
        
        finally clause
        
        assert statement
        
        try and except statement
        
        TypeError
        
        ZeroDivisionError
        
        IndentationError
        
        EOFError
        
        SyntaxError
      - Operators
        
        Identity operators
        
        is, is not
        
        Comparison operators
        
        <, >, ==, !=, <=, >=
        
        Membership operators
        
        in, not in
        
        Arithmetic operators
        
        +, -, , /, %, //, *
        
        Assignment operators
        
        =, +=, -=, =, /=, %=, //=, *=
        
        Logical operators
        
        and, or, not
      - Loops
        
        FOR loop
        
        WHILE loop
      - Functions
    - - input()
        
        always as a string
        
        try / except
        
        convert to float()
        
        convert to int()
      - float()
      - range()
        
        range(stop)
        
        range(start, stop)
        
        range(start, stop, step)
      - int()
      - len()
      - str()
      - print()
      - type()
      - bool()
    - - DATA TYPES
        
        Non-Iterables
        
        None
        
        None (a placeholder for missing values)
        
        bool
        
        any other data type can be transformed into bool
        
        float
        
        BE AWARE: PRECISION ISSUES
        
        int
        
        Iterables
        
        Lists
        
        Dictionaries
        
        Strings
        
        Sets
        
        Tuples
      - Variabale
        
        Value assigned
        
        Name / Label
        
        Type can change
- - - - Google Colab
      - Jupyter
    - - PyCharm
      - IDLE
      - VS Code
  - - - Programming Recommendations
        
        Exception Handling
        
        Use exceptions for error handling instead of returning error codes
        
        List Comprehensions
        
        Loop Control Variables
        
        Loop control variables should be a simple name (e.g. i, j)
        
        Terminology
        
        Use the correct terminology when referring to things in Python
        
        Nested Scopes
        
        Avoid nesting scopes more than two levels deep
        
        Compound Statements
        
        Put them on separate lines.
        
        Program Structure
        
        Organize the program into functions and classes
        
        Generator Expressions
        
        Global Variables
        
        Avoid whenever possible
        
        Coroutines
        
        Function Annotations
      - Code Layout
        
        Blank Lines
        
        to separate functions and classes, and to indicate logical sections
        
        Source File Encoding
        
        Source files should always include
        the UTF-8 encoding declaration
        
        Maximum Line Length
        
        79 characters
        
        Imports
        
        should be grouped
        
        Tabs or Spaces
        
        spaces
        
        String Quotes
        
        Indentation
        
        4 spaces
      - Naming
        Conventions
        
        Function and Variable Names
        
        should be lowercase, with words separated by underscores
        
        Constants
        
        should be written in all capital letters
        
        Designing for Inheritance
        
        use method names that do not clash with their subclasses
        
        Class Names
        
        Class names should be written in CamelCase
        
        Exception Names
        
        Exception names should end with Error (e.g. ValueError).
        
        Method Names and Instance Variables
        
        should be lowercase, with words separated by underscores