WEEK 1: Key issues and data in public health

Public health nutrition: key issues, inequalities and determinants of health (lecture 1)

Sources of information and data (lecture 2)

Food labelling and consumer behaviour - influence on food choice (lecture 3)

Communicating nutrition messages (lecture 4)

Public-health consequences

Definitions of public health nutrition

Key issues

current UK issues

obesity - assignment topic)

physical inactivity

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Organised measures to prevent disease, promote health,

and prolong life among the population as a whole

▪ Focus on populations, not individual patients

▪ Provide conditions in which people can be healthy

Health inequalities

breastfeeding

determinants of health

social determinants of health

health inequalities

life expectancy/healthy life expectancy

deprivation indices and risk factors

birth weight

breastfeeding

child obesity

physical inactivity

fruit and vegetable intake

smoking

Wider determinants- who is responsible for public health in a country? (individual or organisations?)

built and natural environments

communities

school food

media

National diet and nutrition survey

The media

National data and health profiles

family food survey

health survey for england

national child measures programme- how data are collected and used

health profiles (tutorial on health profiles for assignments)

History of NDNS

Sampling procedure- data weighting, representative nature of NDNS

Stages of data collection

Collection of dietary data- deciding how to analyse and collect data

How to access NDNS data

Media as a source of information

understand where stories come from

role of press release

academic's role in communication of science

resources to help interpret media stories - science media centre, NHS facts behind the headlines

Food advertising

Food labelling

media usage amongst children and adults

impact of advertising on food choices

who is responsible for advertising

BCAP code

The CAP code

food advertising and promotion

why is food labelling important

who is responsible

legal requirements

front packet labelling

Nutrition and health claims

why claims are regulated

describe and provide examples of nutrition claims

describe and provide examples of health claims

Written communication

To explain the different portals of written communications

to discuss these in terms of hierarchy of evidence and level of impact

Social media

discuss emergence of social media

describe the importance of good practice versus misinformation

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Child Obesity

issue apparent through data as well as inequalities in prevalance

causes

portrayal in media

languages and images used in media

rise and fall in childhood obesity from 2020-2022 (NCMP): due to COVID n(reduced activity, lack of routine, portion size different, cheaper foods are higher in fat/sugar, mental health, fast food chains first to re-open) ? query data collection as sampling of children at population level may have skewed results due to lockdown restrictions.

consider validity of data

childhood obesity 2.3x more prevalent in most deprived vs least deprived areas

gap widens from reception to year 6 - intervening years significant and PH should target these key years

differences in early life exposures, treatment, experiences, location, community

Government levelling up mission/ plan to address socio-economic inequality influences on health - sir michael marmot

stigmatising images to represent obesity which is unhelpful

world obesity image bank- media can use images to avoid shaming

Health first: framing around language for childhood obesity- tool kit to frame language around health rather than overweight/ obesity (6 recommendations)

Determinants of health

influences of activity: weather, space, family / friends , health, access to green spaces, community, safety outdoors

food environment- obesogenic environment

Indiivdual, social and community networks and socioeconomic, cultural and environmental conditions

Do PH initiatives influence ? 5 a day - over 10 years minimal change in adults and children meeting 5 a day ? why (other influences e.g. food environments in school, social influence, etc)

Food environment- macro (takeaways, coffee shops- most deprived have highest density of food outlets) and micro (office culture, supermarket layout, food labelling, convenience stores and high cost, advertising)

Food advertising

food labelling