WEEK 1: Key issues and data in public health
Public health nutrition: key issues, inequalities and determinants of health (lecture 1)
Sources of information and data (lecture 2)
Food labelling and consumer behaviour - influence on food choice (lecture 3)
Communicating nutrition messages (lecture 4)
Public-health consequences
Definitions of public health nutrition
Key issues
current UK issues
obesity - assignment topic)
physical inactivity
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Organised measures to prevent disease, promote health,
and prolong life among the population as a whole
▪ Focus on populations, not individual patients
▪ Provide conditions in which people can be healthy
Health inequalities
breastfeeding
determinants of health
social determinants of health
health inequalities
life expectancy/healthy life expectancy
deprivation indices and risk factors
birth weight
breastfeeding
child obesity
physical inactivity
fruit and vegetable intake
smoking
Wider determinants- who is responsible for public health in a country? (individual or organisations?)
built and natural environments
communities
school food
media
National diet and nutrition survey
The media
National data and health profiles
family food survey
health survey for england
national child measures programme- how data are collected and used
health profiles (tutorial on health profiles for assignments)
History of NDNS
Sampling procedure- data weighting, representative nature of NDNS
Stages of data collection
Collection of dietary data- deciding how to analyse and collect data
How to access NDNS data
Media as a source of information
understand where stories come from
role of press release
academic's role in communication of science
resources to help interpret media stories - science media centre, NHS facts behind the headlines
Food advertising
Food labelling
media usage amongst children and adults
impact of advertising on food choices
who is responsible for advertising
BCAP code
The CAP code
food advertising and promotion
why is food labelling important
who is responsible
legal requirements
front packet labelling
Nutrition and health claims
why claims are regulated
describe and provide examples of nutrition claims
describe and provide examples of health claims
Written communication
To explain the different portals of written communications
to discuss these in terms of hierarchy of evidence and level of impact
Social media
discuss emergence of social media
describe the importance of good practice versus misinformation
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Child Obesity
issue apparent through data as well as inequalities in prevalance
causes
portrayal in media
languages and images used in media
rise and fall in childhood obesity from 2020-2022 (NCMP): due to COVID n(reduced activity, lack of routine, portion size different, cheaper foods are higher in fat/sugar, mental health, fast food chains first to re-open) ? query data collection as sampling of children at population level may have skewed results due to lockdown restrictions.
consider validity of data
childhood obesity 2.3x more prevalent in most deprived vs least deprived areas
gap widens from reception to year 6 - intervening years significant and PH should target these key years
differences in early life exposures, treatment, experiences, location, community
Government levelling up mission/ plan to address socio-economic inequality influences on health - sir michael marmot
stigmatising images to represent obesity which is unhelpful
world obesity image bank- media can use images to avoid shaming
Health first: framing around language for childhood obesity- tool kit to frame language around health rather than overweight/ obesity (6 recommendations)
Determinants of health
influences of activity: weather, space, family / friends , health, access to green spaces, community, safety outdoors
food environment- obesogenic environment
Indiivdual, social and community networks and socioeconomic, cultural and environmental conditions
Do PH initiatives influence ? 5 a day - over 10 years minimal change in adults and children meeting 5 a day ? why (other influences e.g. food environments in school, social influence, etc)
Food environment- macro (takeaways, coffee shops- most deprived have highest density of food outlets) and micro (office culture, supermarket layout, food labelling, convenience stores and high cost, advertising)
Food advertising
food labelling