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Unit 5 - How are Genes Expressed? - Coggle Diagram
Unit 5 - How are Genes Expressed?
DNA
Mutations of genes (frameshift deletion, etc.)
Structure
Nucleotides: Sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogenous base
Anti parallel sugar and phosphate
Held together by hydrogen bonds
RNA
tRNA, mRNA, rRNA and their roles
Differences Between the 2:
location, structure, etc.
Translation: mRNA codons match with tRNA anti-codons forming an amino acid chain that is folded and formed into a protein
^
Codons and Anti-codons: mRNA, tRNA, attach in complementary pairs, start and stop codons
Amino Acids: release from anti-codons and form amino acid chain
Central Dogma: DNA - RNA -Protein
Complementary base pairs:
A, T (DNA)
A, U (RNA)
G, C
Transcription: DNA is split and attached to a complementary pair of mRNA
RNA polymerase: Enzyme that “unzips” DNA into a single-stranded sequence in order for mRNA to create complementary pairs with the DNA strand