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Pain - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Fast
      - Lightly myelinated
      - Mechanical, thermal, chemical nociception
    - - Slow
      - Unmyelination
      - Mechanical, thermal, chemical
  - - - Temperature gated channels
    - - Mechanically gated channels
    - - Ligand-gated ion channelsa and receptors
  - - - Examples
        
        VR1
        
        VRL1
      - Features
        
        Graded potentials
        
        6 transmembrane domains
        
        Conducts Na+ / Ca2+
        
        Responsive to temp
  - - - Prostaglandins
      - Bradykinin
      - H+
      - ATP
      - 6.. Capsaicin (spicy food feels hot)
      - Histamine
    - - Subtance P
      - CGRP
- - - - Inhibits the activity of nociceptors
  - - - Pathway:
        
        PAG
        
        Simulates neurons in Lateral retucular formation and Medulla
        
        Projects to dorsal horn
        
        Release of opioids from inhibitor interneurons
        
        Nociceptive signalling inhibited
        
        Nucleus raphe
        
        Serotonin release
        
        Locus coeruleus
        
        NA release
      - Stimulation causes Analgesia
    - - Enkephalins, Endorphins, Dynorphines
      - Inhibit secretion of substance P
      - Release from interneuron
      - Act pre and post-synaptically
  - - - Anandamide
      - 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG)
    - - Gi coupled
    - - Presynaptic
        
        Inhibits Ca2+ influx - Reduced release of Glutamate + Neuropeptides
      - Postsynaptic
        
        Activate K+ channel - Hyperpolarisation of 2nd order neuron