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Particle model of matter - Coggle Diagram
Particle model of matter
Density
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In a less dense material, the particles are more spread out
Is you compressed a material, you wouldn't be changing it's mass, you would be decreasing its volume
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Particle arrangement
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Liquids
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Particles have more energy than in a solid, move in random directions at low speeds
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Gas
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Particles have more energy than liquids and solids, free to move
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Measuring the density
liquid
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Pour 50ml of the liquid into the measuring cylinder, and record it's mass
Calculate the volume of the liquid, 1ml = 1cm3
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Solid
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For an irregular solid: Submerge in a eureka can filled with water, the volume of water displaced in the measuring cylinder is the volume of the object
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Internal energy
Particles in a system vibrate, they have energy in their kinetic energy stores due to their individual motion
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Internal energy is the total energy that its particles have in their kinetic and potential energy stores
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Heating the system transfers energy to its particles, they gain kinetic energy, which increases the internal energy
A change in state occurs if the substance is heated enough, the particles will have enough kinetic energy to break the bonds holding them together
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Specific latent heat
The energy that must be transferred to change 1Kg of a material to one state of matter to another without a temperature change
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Involve a change of state, never a change in temperature since changes of state occur at a constant temperature
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Pressure in gases
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Decreasing the volume of a gas means that the particles will collide more frequently with the walls, the pressure increases
As the pressure increases, the volume must decrease as long as the temperature of the gas and the mass is constant (Boyle's law)
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Doing work on a gas
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Doing work on a gas increases its internal energy, which can increase the temperature
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