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Crohns Disease - Coggle Diagram
Crohns Disease
clinical manifestations
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inflammation of skin, eyes and joints
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treatment
there is no cure, however there are treatments to maintain it
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immune system suppressors (azathioprine, mercaptopurine, methotrexate) - targets substances that produce inflammation
pain relievers (acetaminophen, tylenol) - to reduce symptom of pain
surgery- removes portion of damaged digestive tract, and reconnects healthy portions
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biologics (vedolizumab, infiximab, etc.)- targets proteins made by immune system
antidiarrheals (metamucil, Imodium) - to reduce symptom of diarrhea
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nutrition therapy- such as special diet, feeding tube, or parental nutrition
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There is no cure, but the goal is to treat the symptoms and cause long term remission.
pathogenesis
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It is a mucosal inflammation and ulceration which can occur anywhere along the GI tract but is most common in the distal small intestine
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these individuals are genetically suseptible but onset is triggered by environmental trigger that disturb mucosal barrier, alter healthy balance of gut bacteria, and abnormally stimulate gut immune responses
there is no cure for crohns disease, however, treatments can greatly reduce s/s and even bring long term remission and healing of inflammation
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there are different "types" depending on where the disease is located: ileocolitis, iletitis, gastroduodenal, jejunoileitis
In order to prevent a flare, people should follow a low residue diet, avoid dairy, and avoid caffeinated beverages. This can help prevent diarrhea and abdominal pain.
Crohn's can cause a deficiency of essential nutrients due to malabsorption. There can also be electrolyte imbalances from chronic diarrhea.
If you have strictures you want to avoid nuts, seeds, beans, and kernels.
diagnostics
blood tests to look for anemia, or signs of infection
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balloon assisted enteroscopy- looks further into bowel if endoscopes dont reach or if diagnosis is still in question
MR enterography- looks at disease status or progression, used instead of CT to reduce radiation exposure
risk factors
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limit dairy, alcohol, caffeine, and carbonated drinks because they can make s/s worse and trigger a flare up
incidence/prevalence
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in North America is has a prevalence of 100-300 per 100,000 people
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