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Cardiovascular System Frida Hernandez P.1 - Coggle Diagram
Cardiovascular System
Frida Hernandez
P.1
Disorders of the cardiovascular system
In Blood Flow
Myocardial Infarcation
(Heart Attack) and
Cerebrovascular Acciden
t (Stroke)
Arteries
Peripheral Artery Disease
(PAD)
Structure of Heart
Endicarditis & Myocarditis
and
Congenital Heart Disease
Major components and functions of Blood
Blood
is a type of C.T w/ a fluid matrix (
plasma
)
The blood transport substance to help maintain homeostasis and distribute heat throughout the body
Brings nutrients or oxygen, or removes waste from body
Contains:
Red Blood Cells
(transportation),
White Blood cells
(fight infection), Platelets (stop bleeding), and
plasma
( 55% of blood volume)
The first three make up the
Formed Elements
Anatomy of the heart (including all chambers, and valves)
R Atrium
->
Tricuspid AV Valve
->
Right ventricle (chamber)
->
Pulmonary Arteries (blood vessel)
->
R/L Lungs
Pulmonary Veins (Blood valve)
->
Left Atrium (Chamber)
->
Bicuspid AV Valve
->
Left Ventricle (chamber)
->
Aortic Semilunar Valves
->
Aorta (blood Vessle
Upper / Lower Body
->
Superior & Inferior Vena Chambers
Major blood vessels (names arteries and veins)
Veins
Aorta
,
Pulmonary Trunk
,
Pulmonary Veins
and
Vena Cava
(Superior and Inferior).
Connects directly to the heart, and leads to the lungs (circulatory system)
Arteries
Pulmonary Artery
and
R / L Coronary arteries
Cardiac cycle and the ECG
Cardiac cycle is the atria contracting and then whole ventricle relaxes, the the ventricle contract and atria relax, then the entire heart relaxes
Components:
Sinoatrial (SA) Node
,
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
,
AV Bundle
,
Bundle Branches
ECG is the recording of electrical changes occuring during cardiac cycle
Contains:
P Wave
,
QRS Complex
,
T Wave
Blood flow through the heart and body
Blood is pumped into the pulmonary arteries in the lungs from the right ventricle after entering the right atrium from the body. After absorbing oxygen, the blood returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins, passing through the left atrium, left ventricle, and aorta before leaving the body through the tissues.
ABO, Rh blood types
Rh Antigens or Factors
Present
Rh Factor / Antigen
means
Rh Positive
; An absent means it's
Rh Negative
Most common Antigen
=
Antigen D
Blood types
A
(+ or -),
B
(+ or -),
AB
(+ or -), and
O
(+ or -)
O-
is the universal donor, while
AB+
is the universal recipient
Major functions of the Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular System
is a closed circuit that consists of heart and blood vessels
Contains:
Arteries
(Transports away),
Capillaries
(vessels running b/w the two), &
Veins
(Transport to heart)
Heart is hollow, cone shaped, muscular pump w/n mediastinum in thoracic cavity
Layers of the heart
Middle Layer
: Myocardium
Outer Layer
: Epicardium
Inner Layer
: endocardium
^ Covered by the
pericardium
membrane ^
Vital signs (BP and Pulse)
Blood Pressure
is determined by Cardiac Output and the Peripheral resistance
Pulse
is the rhythmic contraction and dilation of the arteries resulting from the beating of the heart
Structural and functional differences between blood vessel types (arteries, veins,
capillaries)
Arteries
carry blood into the heart and are more red, while
Veins
carry deoxygenated and are more blueish in color (but still red)
Capillaries
are blood vessels through the Artery and Veins that form a network