Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Epistemology - Coggle Diagram
Epistemology
rationalism
-
Cogito
I doubt, therefore I think, I think, therefore I am
-
Clear and distinct ideas
-
Distinct: clear and when it is so sharply seperated from all other idea that every part of it is clear.
Trademark
Only way to dismiss the evil demon and make sure that the natural world exists is through the existence of God
1) the cause of anything must be at least as perfect as its effect
2) Ideas must be caused by something
3) I am an imperfect being
4) I have the idea of God, which is that of a perfect Being
IM: I cannot be the cause of my idea of God
IM2: Only a perfect being (god) can be the cause of my idea of God
MC) God must exist.
Ontological
I have an idea of God, which is of that of a supremely perfect being
2) A supremely perfect being does not lack any perfection
3) Existence is a perfection
4) therefore, God exists
-
-
Criticisms
Cartesian Circularity
We know that clear and distinct ideas are true because God could not deceive us, but we are told that God exists because he is a clear and distinct idea
-
Causation as innate Hume
Hume would say just because the sun rose today does not mean it must rise tomorrow, nor does it mean that its setting today necessarily caused its rising tomorrow.
How can we be sure that, just because we have observed things seemingly causing each other, that they will always or necessarily do so?
innatism
the brain has innate knowledge, like a block of marble that can be sculpted. Is the sculpture already within the object itself.
Plato's Meno
Slave boy- already knows maths, but uses the socratic method of learning. Plato simply asks a series of leading questions.
-
-
-
-
-
empiricism
-
-
Criticisms
-
Logical Connectives
-
Tove
What does Tove mean? We don't know, unless we're given context, therefore sense impressions are not sufficient for synthetic knowledge.
Substance
Mental - the concept of the mind from reflectioon, expeirencing myself as a substance.
Hume
ther eis no self- we only ever expeience ever changing thoughts and feelings rather than an enduring self
Physical - one and the same thing, persisting through change, posessing properties,
Berkeley
the concept of a phyical inherently confused- we never expeirnece a physical substance- we cannot describe or conceive of waht susbantace is, and an object can never exist unless we are looking at it.
Hume
physical object is smething independent of expeirence - Hume says an object does exist when you're looking at it and you don't need to experience it to believe it exists all the time, because you know it exists by forming a concept based on your simple sense impressions.