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Comparison between integrative approach and communicative approach of…
Comparison between integrative approach and communicative approach of language testing
Characteristics
Integrative Approach:
This approach involves the testing of language in context. Are concerned with global view of proficiency. It is involved with functional language, but not the use of functional language. The use of oral interview, essay writing and translation are included in integrative test.
Communicative Approach
The approach is based on the idea that learning a language successfully comes through having to communicate real meaning. The main objective is to present a topic in context as natural as possible.
Weaknesses
Communicative Approach
The context of the learning is usually not taken into account.
Does not focus much on removing errors of the learners.
Leaners are likely to produce incorrect grammar sentences.
Integrative Approach
Even if many think that measuring integrated skills is better, sometimes there is a need to consider the importance of measuring skills based on students' needs, such as writing only, speaking only, etc.
Principles
Communicative Approach
Language learning is learning to communicate using the language.
Teacher plays a role of a guider, facilitator and instructor.
Activities should be presented in a situation or context using communicative approach.
Evaluation concerns both aspects of accuracy and fluency
Integrative Approach
Integrative language testing is based on the unitary trait hypothesis, which states that language is indivisible. This is in complete contrast to discrete-point methods which supports dividing language into specific components.
This approach stated that communicative competence is so global that it requires the integration of all linguistic abilities.
Only provided a measure of the candidate’s competence rather than measuring the candidate’s performance brought about the need for communicative language testing
Strengths
Integrative Approach
Can view students' proficiency with a global view.
An integrative test draws on a variety of sources. Syntax, vocabulary, "schema," cultural awareness, reading skills, pronunciation and grammar are all factors the test maker and test taker need to keep in mind.
A more learner-friendly approach. For example, by using simple dictation whereby students access their abilities in writing, understanding oral production and grammar when they write the model sentences.
More reliable instrument to measure language competence.
Includes a number of techniques like Incremental, Top- down, Bottom –Up, Sandwich and Big Bang Integration techniques.
Communicative Approach
It is more students centered as it allows for more meaningful communication more than providing practical linguistic skill building.
Includes confidence building by engaging students in the classroom activities.
able to measure all integrated skills of students.
Increase reliability of scoring performance level