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9.3 Catholic Monarchs - Coggle Diagram
9.3 Catholic Monarchs
The beginings of Hispanic dominance: foreign policy
This gave way to an active foreign policy which allowed
Them to expand their territories
Some examples of alliances through Marriage
The Infanta Juana and the Duke of Burgundy
Catherine of Aragon and Henry VII of England
The Infanta Isabel and Manuel I of Portugal
The Catholic Monarchs formed alliances by marrying their children
To heirs of other kingdoms with two main aims
The first was to mantain peace with Portugal after it had supported Juana
The second was to rainforce their ties with countries like Flanders
Which was part of the Duchy of Burgundy
Also with Engand whit whom they had strong trade relationship
To export Castillian wool and also for the rivarly with France
Castilla's Atlantic expansion began at the completion
Conquest of the Canary Islands, 1496
Discovery of America by Columbus, 1492
The birth of a new monarchy
In 1469, Fernando II married Isabel I, the sister of Enrique IV
Enrique IV died in 1474, so Fernando II inherited the Aragonese throne in 1479
Isabel I had to defeat Juana, the king's daughter, to gain the throne of Castilla
Juana was supported by Portugal
Isabel was supported by Aragon
The marriage of Isabel and Fernando developed the modern Spain
They also developed the Catholic Monarchy
The pope bestowed the title of Catholic Monarchs on the couple in 1496
The new monarchy was a dynastic union because it was the result of a marriage
It was therefore a composite monarchy where each crown kept its symbols, laws...
They only shared policies in specific area, such as foreign policy and religion
The authoritarian monarchy of the Catholic Monarchs
The monarchy and the estates of the realm
The Catholic Monarchs main objective was to restore the authoriy of the monarchy
Estates of the realm
The Church
During their reign the pope gave the Catholic Monarchs
The authority in the appointment of important figures in the Church
The Nobility
The Catholic Monarchs confiscated lands from noblemen who supported Juana during the war
They tried to win the support of the nobility when they needed it
Fernando II issued the "Sentencia de Guadalupe" 1486
This act abolished harsh feudal taxes for Catalan serfs
Cities
Corregidores were appointed throughout Castilla
These representatives of royal power controlled the kingdom's towns and territories
Fernando imposed its authority in major cities by sortition
The religious policy of the Catholic Monarchs
The Catholic Monarchs imposed most of their authority
Implementing a policy of religious unification
The Spanish Inquisition was first established in the Late Middle Ages by the pope to punish heretics
In 1492 the Catholic Monarchs expelled all Jews that did not convert to Chritianity from their kingdoms
The Inquisition was not convinced that the conversos had really converted
So they were under suspicion and socially marginalised
These Jews were called marranos
Sphardi Jews were Jews who were expelled from the Iberian Peninsula
Following the conwuest of Granada in 1492
Mudejares in that kingdom were forced to convert to Catholicism
Castilla in 1502 through a royal decree, required all mudejares to renounce their religion or be expelled
These converts were known as moriscos
Crown of Aragon
In the Crown of Aragon, Fernando II used its authority to influence town councils
And was uncompromising in his implementation of the Inquisition, despite resistance in Aragon
As a solution to the king's almost permanent absence
The Council of Aragon was established in 1494 to manage the Crown's matters in its kingdoms
