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IDEA Disability Categories 01/2023 :pen: Cohort 21, Hearing impairment is…

- - - - Augmentative and Alternative Communication (ACC) - Low-tech ACC (not requiring a battery or electricity) include strategies such as writing, picture boards, pointing, and body language. High-tech ACC include smartphone apps, electronic communication boards, and speech generating devices. Electronic Fluency Devices are available for those who suffer from a stutter (the device replays their speaking back into their headphones)
        Libguides: Speech disorders: Common assistive technologies. Common Assistive Technologies - Speech Disorders - LibGuides at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. (2022, December 13). Retrieved February 20, 2023, from https://guides.library.illinois.edu/c.php?g=613892&p=4265891
    - - "5 percent of U.S. children ages 3-17 have a speech disorder that lasted for a week or longer during the past 12 months...3.3 percent of U.S. children ages 3-17 have a language disorder that lasted for a week or longer during the past 12 months."
        U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2016, May 16). Quick statistics about voice, speech, language. National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Retrieved February 20, 2023, from https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/statistics/quick-statistics-voice-speech-language .
    - - Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) can assist to identify, diagnose, refer to other professionals (medical or otherwise), counsel and provide guidance.
        If classified as a disability under IDEA, an IEP can be developed.
        Speech and language impairments. Center for Parent Information and Resources. (2015, July). Retrieved February 20, 2023, from https://www.parentcenterhub.org/speechlanguage/
- - - - Traumatic brain injury usually results from a violent blow or jolt to the head or body. An object that goes through brain tissue, such as a bullet or shattered piece of skull, also can cause traumatic brain injury. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/traumatic-brain-injury/symptoms-causes/syc-20378557
    - - No two brain injuries are identical making it difficult for educators to fix one strategy to assist students with TBI. Moreover, injuries sometimes show severity long after the actual incident only when cognitive activities increase at school.
        (https://msktc.org/tbi/factsheets/returning-school-after-traumatic-brain-injury)
      - Examples of changes
        
        Physical
        
        Cognitive
        
        Emotional
        
        Behavioral
  - - - Communication Skills
        
        Writing assistance
        
        Google Docs Voice Typing
        
        DragonNaturallySpeaking
        
        Co:Writer
        
        Speech generating devices
        
        Assistive Context-Aware Toolkit (ACAT)
        
        Prologuo2Go
        
        GoTalks
      - Memory Assistance
        
        Smart phones
        
        Calendar, Timer, Alarm, Contact with image etc.
        
        recording devices
        
        TASCAM recorder
        
        Sony digital voice recorders
    - - Input devices
        
        especialneeds products
        
        Microsoft products
      - .
        
        Display
        
        JAWS
        
        ZoomText
        
        Optetec
  - - - Friendship and peer acceptance. Students with TBI have difficulty maintaining friendships. This is one of the most common and devastating consequences of significant brain injury. The resulting social isolation compounds feelings of loss, sadness, and depression in students with TBI.
      - Adequate teacher and support to boost teacher's confidence to support the student.
- - - - "Approximately 75 per cent of people with intellectual disability are only mildly affected, with 25 per cent moderately, severely or profoundly affected."
        Inclusive teaching: Intellectual disability. ADCET. (n.d.). Retrieved February 20, 2023, from https://www.adcet.edu.au/inclusive-teaching/specific-disabilities/intellectual-disability
- - - - Accomodations https://www.pathstoliteracy.org/strategies-helping-children-visual-impairments-develop-listening-skills/
        
        Teach children how to raise their hands in response to and when asking questions during circle-time instruction.
        
        Provide ample time for children to inspect any objects presented for exploration.
        
        Encourage the child with visual impairment to participate during circle-time activities by calling on him or her regularly, with the expectation that the child can participate fully.
        
        Choose a circle-time seating arrangement that places the student with visual impairment in close proximity to instructional materials and actions.
      - Incidence
        https://www.twinkl.kr/teaching-wiki/visual-impairment-examples-and-signs
        
        Night blindness
        people struggle to see at night. This also applies to dimly lit rooms like the cinema. People with this may also have trouble adjusting from bright areas to dark areas.
        
        Loss of central vision
        causes blurs or blind spots in your vision
        
        Blurred vision
        This can affect how people see close up or far away.
      - Assistive Technology
        https://www.miusa.org/resource/tip-sheets/assistivetechnologyforblind/
        
        Screen-reading Software
        
        Examples of screen-reading software include JAWS and WindowEyes for PC, VoiceOver for Mac and Orca for certain distributions of Linux.
        
        Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Systems
        
        scanns a printed document into a computer and converting the picture image into text characters and words, which screen readers and braille embossers can recognize.
        
        Magnification Software
        
        Works similarly to a high-powered magnifying glass moving over a page. They can magnify all screen items by following the mouse cursor or keyboard.
        
        Examples of screen-magnification programs include ZoomText and Magic.
        
        However, not adequate for many low-vision Individuals
- - - - In class: when a students in class reports that they cannot hear well or cannot see the whiteboard even when they sit in the front.
  - - - Lynn, B. Braille activities. https://za.pinterest.com/pin/369224869447408106/
    - - (May 27, 2020) Braille reading. https://www.seewritehear.com/braille-reading/
    - - captions
      - transcripts