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8/18/2020 type 2 diabetes: - Coggle Diagram
8/18/2020 type 2 diabetes:
Pathophysiology
Type 2 diabetes is caused by either inadequate production of the hormone insulin or a lack of response to insulin by various cells of the body.
Nursing Interventions
Nursing care planning goals for patients with diabetes include effective treatment to normalize blood glucose and decrease complications using insulin replacement, balanced diet, and exercise. The nurse should stress the importance of complying with the prescribed
Behavioral Interventions
Encourage the patient to share his/her thoughts and feelings about having diabetes and his/her ability with it. Assure her that many older people learn to manage quite well and that resources are available to help her. Communicating with her frequently into her confidence. Let her know how she can ready sources of information.
Patient Education
Educate about home glucose monitoring. Discuss glucose monitoring at home with the patient according to individual parameters to identify and manage glucose variations.
Encourage client to read labels. The client must choose foods described as having a low glycemic index, higher fiber, and low-fat content.
Discuss how client’s antidiabetic medications work. Educate client on the functions of his or her medications because there are combinations of drugs that work in different ways with different blood glucose control and side effects.
Emphasize the importance of checking expiration dates of medications, inspecting insulin for cloudiness if it is normally clear, and monitoring proper storage and preparation because these affect insulin absorbability.
Medication
Anti-diabetic medication
Controls the amount of sugar (glucose) in the blood.
Anticoagulant
Unwanted reactions from taking drugs that inhibit blood clotting. The most common problem is too much bleeding, which can be very serious.
Statin
Decreases the liver's production of harmful cholesterol.
Insulin and glucagon maintain a constant level of glucose in the blood by stimulating the release of glucose from the liver.
Important Assessments
Assess the patient's history.
Assess physical condition.
Assess the body mass index and visual acuity of the patient.
Perform examination of foot, skin, nervous system and mouth.
Laboratory examinations.