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COMMUNALISM, REGIONALISM, SECULARISM - Coggle Diagram

- - - - B.R. Ambedkar Dispassionately observed
        
        two equal communities view
        
        each other as enemies
        
        trapped in majority-minority syndrome
        
        vicious cycle
        
        political conflicts
        
        social alienation
      - Nehru
        
        secularism was not only
        
        civic friendship among religious
        
        but also opposition to
        
        religious-based
        
        caste and gender
        
        oppressions
        
        endeavour of our
        
        own socially-driven freedom
        
        equally-oriented reform movements
        
        in the 19th century
    - - reflexion
        
        how people in a society
        
        think about their collective self
        
        collective means
        
        constitute the nation
        
        everyone should be included
        
        as equal citizen
      - Majoritarianism
        
        when nationalism
        
        defined by single identity
        
        either be language or religion
        
        or even ethnicity
        
        then nationalism into derailed
        
        it is not nationalism
    - - Democratic Polity
        
        governed by Consti and
        
        principle of rule of law
        
        supremacy of legally
        
        constituted civilian authority
        
        basic principle
        
        remains bedrock of
        
        civil-military relations
      - Patriotism
        
        love for motherland
        
        essential virtue for all citizens
        
        Strident Nationalism
        
        should be eschewed
        
        it tends towards jingoism
    - - Constitutional Secularism
        
        State must leave religion alone
        
        required support
        
        collective commitment
        
        from an impartial judiciary
        
        scrupulous media
        
        civil society activists
        
        and alert citizenry
        
        Govt alone cannot control
        
        Also Intervene
        
        Inter-religious matter
        
        whenever religious groups
        
        promote communal disharmony
        
        and discrimination
        
        on ground religion
        
        Intra-religious issue
        
        unable to protect
        
        their member
        
        from oppressions
        
        abandons
        
        strict separation
        
        but keeps a
        
        principle distance
        
        from all religions
        
        B.R. Ambedkar
        
        Every aspect
        
        religious doctrine or
        
        practice cannot be accepted
        
        Respect for religion
        
        must be accompanied
        
        by critique
      - Party-political secularism
        
        Opportunism
        
        dispelled all values
        
        from the core idea
        
        alliance
        
        religious communities
        
        for sake of immediate
        
        electoral benefit
        
        Indian consti
        
        secularism replaced
        
        by party-political secularism
        
        Political Project
        
        aroused because
        
        of secularism
        
        religious toleration
        
        no longer worked
      - BP
        
        Shift of focus
        
        from politically led project
        
        to socially-driven
        
        movement for justice
        
        from Inter-religious
        
        to Intra-religious
      - Example
        
        Tanushq Ad triggered backlash
        
        company withdrew ad
        
        speaks of deep divide
        
        could threaten
        
        the idea of India
        
        Abdur Rahim Khan-e-Khana
        
        known as bhakti poet Rahim (1556-1627)
        
        who was one of Akbar´s navaratnas
        
        wrote about praise of ram
        
        The only way to achieve salvation is through unconditional surrender to Ram
      - Indian secularism
        
        not anti-religious
        
        but respect religion
        
        not predominantly single religious societies
        
        respect all religions
- - - - looking to frame laws
      - to curb ‘Love Jihad’
    - - in marriages
        
        involved consent of adults
      - clearly unconstitutional
    - - frowned upon in India
    - - major issue
      - eventhough
        
        it is consensual
  - - - governed by Consti and
      - principle of rule of law
      - supremacy of legally
        
        constituted civilian authority
      - basic principle
        
        remains bedrock of
        
        civil-military relations
    - - love for motherland
      - essential virtue for all citizens
      - Strident Nationalism
        
        should be eschewed
        
        it tends towards jingoism
  - - - even positive interpersonal relations
    - - ammunition for communalism
    - - inter-religious ties and
      - deepening of prejudice
    - - resulting prejudices
      - violence against other religion
        
        to ‘protect the self’.
    - - Frequent interactions
        
        btw members of different
        
        religious groups
        
        vastly reduce
        
        negative perceptions
        
        and anxiety
  - - - allotment of hostels
        
        based on entrance marks
      - asking for
        
        the marks of dalit students
        
        publicly to humilitate them
        
        Stigmatising
        
        them as inefficient
      - not providing
        
        support system or
        
        reducing or stopping
        
        their fellowships
    - - their psychological well-being
      - dreams, aspirations,
      - ability to survive
        
        in such an environment
    - - prejudices were evolved
        
        in urban spaces
      - to dilute
        
        even small amount of progress
        
        made by dalit and adivasis
    - - institutional leaders
        
        who can acknowledge
        
        structural inequalities
      - take actions
        
        to dismantle
        
        mechanisms and culture
      - ensure
        
        adequate representation
        
        to its dalits and adivasi citizens
        
        in all fields
- - - - guarantees equal treatment
      - under law in matters of public employment
      - prohibits the state
        
        from discriminating on grounds
        
        of place of births or residence
    - - no citizen shall
      - on ground
        
        religion,race,caste,sex,descent,place of birth
        
        discriminated against in respect
    - - consti provide exception
      - parliament may make a law
      - regarding jobs in particular state
      - This power vest solely
        
        in Parliament
        
        not state legislatures
  - - - fulfill a market demand
      - created by gaps in skills
      - and preferences
    - - local losing out to migrants
      - exaggerated to generate political capital
    - - of the solution
    - - by creating
        
        a hostile environment to investment
        
        growth and employment generation
  - - - asked for domicile quota of 85%
      - in Private sector
      - CG data showed in 2017
        
        92% was local workforce