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Revision Mind map - Coggle Diagram
Revision Mind map
Evolution
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The process of reproduction with variation over millions of year seems to be responsible for everything living and their diversity
Cetaeceans , whale dolphin porpoise
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Found fossils blur the line between four legged land mammals and whales
Whales evolved from land creatures
In dry places, plants depend on wild grazers to till the soil withtheir feet fertilize with their waste and remove excess vegetation my eating it
How evolution works
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Visual resemblance , slightly different traits and characteristics
Cells, nucleus, chromosomes , dna, genes
More offspring , more little differences
Heredity, passing on of dna to offspring
Recombination, random mixing of genes
Mutation, random DNA changes (copyig errors)caused by radiation or chemicals
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Darwin
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Variations occur when a species mutates, changes in DNA, gene flow and genetic variation
Genetic variation is necessary for natural selection because natural selection can only decrease or increase the number or frequency of alternate specie's
Darwin believed the variation of such similar finches was down to eating habits and the types of foods available to them on the islands they live in.
Species are deeply influenced by their geography. The climate of an area influence the thickness of coats and the food the animal eats as well as things like hibernation or times when they're active. The terrain, Flora and Fauna that are part of the geography, as in the native flora and fauna. This is an influence as it changes their diets and hunting techniques, it also influences the way animals fly or walk.
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Darwin was born, 12 February 1809,he died 19 April 1882
Extremophiles
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Thermophiles, extreme heat, feed of inorganic chemicals and can survive up to 82.2 degrees in water
Pshychrophiles, extreme cold, evolved antifreeze proteins can survive -24.4 degrees water
Polyextremophiles, all extremes
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Prokaryotes vs eukaryote
prokaryote: a microscopic single-celled organism which has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles, including the bacteria and cyanobacteria.
eukaryote: an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotes include all living organisms other than the eubacteria and archaea.
Single celled bacteria
Single celled bacteria
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Cyanobacteria, single celled, doesn’t have nuclei
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Their populations exploded because they used the sun as energy when the other species had to absorb molecules
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Endosymbiosis, one bacteria swallowed another whole
Eats, excretes, reproduces and moves as a self functioning entity
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Sexual vs asexual
Sexual reprocuction
Pros
Quicker, easier adaption to environment
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Asexual reprocuction
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Single cells reproduce by copying their dna, then moving it to either side of their body and splitting in two
They then grow back
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