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Etiology and respiratory physiology - Coggle Diagram
Etiology and respiratory physiology
The respiratory system is divided into
respiratory zone
is the site of gas exchange between air and blood
Gas exchange between air and blood occurs through
that allow fast rates of gas diffusion.
driving zone
The breathing
It has three functions
Ventilation
it is the mechanical process that moves air in and out of the lungs.
Since the oxygen concentration of the air is higher in the lungs than in the blood, oxygen diffuses from the air into the blood.
Gas exchange
that occurs between the air and blood in the lungs, and between the blood and other body tissues
oxygen utilization
by tissues during the energy-releasing reactions of cellular respiration
pulmonary circulation
Oxygen and CO2 transport
The blood vessels responsible for supplying the respiratory system are known as pulmonary circulation.
The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated and / or carboxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the arterial capillaries that surround the alveoli.
The transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the blood can be carried out in two ways
the gas is dissolved in the plasma, represented as partial pressure of the gas
inside the red blood cells linked to Hemoglobin (Hb)
there are two phases
inspiration
During the inspiration phase, the diaphragm and respiratory muscles contract and intrapulmonary pressure drops relative to atmospheric, causing air to enter the airways
inspiratory muscles
Diaphragm
Scalenes
Trapezoid
Sternocleidomastoid
External intercostal muscles
Parasternal muscles
Nasal flaps
expiration
During expiration, the respiratory muscles relax and the intrapulmonary pressure rises relative to atmospheric, so that air is expelled from the lungs.
expiratory muscles
Muscles of the abdominal wall (straight and oblique)
Triangular of the sternum
Internal intercostal muscles