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Mastitis pathogens - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Moderately contagious and environmental
      - Diagnosis
        
        Gram +ve; catalase -ve ; CAMP -ve ; esculin-negative coci
        
        High SCC 15d post infection; mild clinical mastitis
      - Treatment / control
        
        Penicillin (>75% cure rate)
        
        Same as Strep. agalactiae but less urgent
        
        Link to Insects; dry periods; confinement systems
    - - Highly contagious
        
        Bovine adapted strains
        
        Some strains zoonotic
      - Diagnosis
        
        Culture
        
        Gram +ve; catalase -ve ; CAMP - positive ; esculin-negative coci
        
        High SCC 15d post infection; mild clinical mastitis
      - Treatment / control
        
        Penicillin (>90% cure rate)
        
        "5 point plan"
    - - Environmental (NZ) or contagious (UK)
        
        Soil ; grazing material ; water + faecal samples
      - Diagnosis
        
        Culture
        
        Gram +ve; catalase -ve ; CAMP - positive ; esculin-negative coci
        
        High SCC 15d post infection, mild to severe clinical mastitis
      - Treatment
        
        Penicillin (>50% cure rate) ; early detection
        
        Vaccination ; environmental / contagious control
  - - - Mostly contagious;
        
        (Environmental)
      - Treatment / control
        
        Variable cure rate - 5% to 95%
        
        Dependent risk factors
        
        Early detection critical
        
        Penicillin 1st choice
        
        Penicillin resistant strains
        
        Poor prognosis
        
        Skin commensal - no elimination
        
        Contagious / environmental control
      - Diagnosis
        
        Gram +ve ; catalase +ve ; 95% coagulase +ve ; beta-haemolytic
        
        Variable SCC ; mild to moderate mastitis
        
        Gangrenous mastitis ; chronic lumps in mammary tissue
        
        SCC spike 18d post infection
  - - - Diagnosis
        
        Systemic infection
        
        Arthritis; ears (otitis media); respiratory
        
        Swollen lymph nodes
        
        Sandy / grainy / watery milk
        
        Targets
        
        Calves ; young stock; heifers ; beef cattle ; bulls
        
        Culture
        
        Hayflick / egg yolk medium
      - Control
        
        No treatment available
        
        Herd biosecurity
        
        Test before adding stock
        
        Prevent contagious transmisison
        
        Pasteurise waste milk
- - - - Culture
        
        Bile salt toelrant; lactose fermenting; "goopy"
        
        Light pink, raised, shiny
      - High SCC , rapid death
    - - Treatment ineffective; vaccine limited
      - Hygiene; sawdust bedding kiln-dried, not fresh
  - - - Oro-faecal transmission
    - - Culture
        
        Bile salt tolerant, lactose fermenting (pink on MacConkey)
        
        Dark pink, flat, dull
      - Clinical signs
        
        Chronic E. coli
        
        High SCC; recurrent clinical mastitis
        
        Dry period IMI
        
        Clinical mastitis in lactation - T1/T2 shift
    - - Anti-inflammatory, avoid antimicrobials
        
        Severe: sepsis treatment
      - Hygiene; vaccination J5
      - Nutrition
        
        Energy balance; Prevent ketosis (BCS) ; vitamin E; selenium