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classification of material - Coggle Diagram
classification of material
ceramics
cermaic material are relatively stiff and strong stiffness and strengths are comparable to those of the metals and they are typically very hard
ceramics are compound between metallic and non-metallic elements they are most frequently oxides, nitrides and carbides
ceramics are exhibited extreme brittleness (lack of ductility) and are highly susceptible to fracture
with regard to optical characteristic, ceramic may be transparent, translucent or opaque and some of the oxide ceramic (e.g ., Fe304) exhibit magnetic behaviour.
composites
a composites is composed of two or more individual material which come from the categories previously discussed-metals ceramics and polymer
a large number of composites types are represented by different combination of metals, ceramics and polymers
some naturally occuring materials are composites eg. wood and bone
one of the most common and familiar composites is fiberglass, in which small glass fibers are embedded within a polymeric material (normally an epoxy or polyester)
metal
materials in this group are composed of one or more metallic elements (e.g., iron,aluminium,copper,titanium,gold and nickel) non-metallic elements (e.g., carbon,nitrogen and oxygen)
atoms in metals and thir alloys are aranged in a very orderly manner and are relatively dense in comparison to the ceramics and polymers
metal characteristic are stiff,strong but yet ductile and are resistance to fracture
metals are extremely good conductors of electricity and heat and are not transparent to visible light
polymers
polymer include the familiar plastic and rubber materials
they have very large molecular structure,often chain like in nature that often have a backbone of carbon atoms
some common and familiar polymers are polyethylene(PE),nylon,poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC),polycarbonate (PC), polystyrene (PS) and silicone rubber
their mechanical characteristic are generally dissimilar to those of the metallic and ceramic materials-they are not as stiff or strong as these other material types
one major drawback to the polymers is their tendency to soften and/or decompose at modest temperature which in some instance,limit their use. Futhermore,they have low electrical conductivites ad are non-magnetic