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Strategies To Manage Housing Shortage - Coggle Diagram
Strategies To Manage Housing Shortage
Slum Upgrading
Improve quality of housing and basic services such as electricity, water and sewerage.
Self-help Schemes
Involve participation of low-income households to improve conditions of existing housing. Government only provide assistance in construction materials or basic services.
Example 1: Rocinha Project in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Help improved the quality of housing. Wooden houses replaced by concrete houses. More houses have electricity, services such as rooftop water tanks and piped water system added to houses, proper sanitation facilities such as toilets and sewers were built.
Advantages
Reduces Construction Cost
(People build houses themselves)
Residents don't need to move, can stay in their houses
Work on building houses at a pace that is pratical for them
Min effort
More sense of Belonging
Disadvantages
Rate of Construction is Slower
(Residents only can build after work,
weekends or during free time)
Training needs to be provided to
equip residents with skills to build houses
Example 2: Nairobi, Kenya. Gov of Kenya partnered with United Nations in a project which aim to provide residents with rights to build on existing land, & improve housing conditions. Slum residents shift temp to an area with new housing units equipped with services. Vacated slums would be upgraded and residents can return to their original sites after upgrading completed. Some were welcome as opportunity to improve living conditions. Others reluctant to participate in project as uncertain bout success and face diff paying for $ of new housing units
Ways
Sites cleared and basic infrastructure provided to the areas. Residents move out of slums and relocate temp so basic infrastructure can be built.
Financial schemes and assistance are provided to fund the project. Challenging to find solutions to meet a wide range of needs in slum upgrading programmes.
Provision of
Public Housing(PH)
Gov efforts to provide housing units with basic services, usually for low-income households and people of need(disabled, elderly). PH is reasonably priced compared to private housing, may be subsidised by gov. Gov plans, carry out and fund project
Ways
Old Flats rented for low prices
Abandoned buildings converted for residential use, New apartments built
Example 1: SG. 1960s and 1970s, slums and squatter settlements in SG cleared to provide higher quality housing to residents. The Housing Development Board(HDB) was set up in 1960 to build & provide public housing for SG's increasing population. PH programme considered success. Address the diverse needs of all residents.
Example 2: My House, My Life Programme in Brazil. Aims to provide affordable housing for low- and mid-income groups, and reduce slum areas. Many housing projects undertaken across the country. the Bairro Carioca Project in Rio de Janeiro comprises 2240 apartments which house 10000 people. Gov partner up with private sectors(companies and organisation which not part of gov) for this project. Companies were hired to build basic infrastructure of roads, sewerage and water, and design and build the housing units. Housing programme can develop more comprehensiv in responsing to needs of diff households
Disadvantages
Lots of funding needed,
higher sub, amt of funding increase
Advantages
Many people can benefit
as construction is large scale.
Lesser time is needed
compared to Slum Upgrading
Controlled, Consistant Results
Each city is unique and diff strategies
are required to provide safe
housing strategies for the population.