NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDER
✴ANXIETY
✴SLEEP DISORDER
☹ Phobias
☹ Social Anxiety Disorder
☹ Panic Disorder
☹ Post-traumatic Stress disorder
☹ Generalized Anxiety Disorder
TYPES
TREATMENT
💊Benzodiazepines
💊Anti-depressants
interfere with
mental
emotional function
TYPES
Sleep apnea
Sleep walking
Snoring
Insomnia
Herbs
🌿Valerian
🌿 KAVA
🌿Passion Flower
🌿 Hops
🌿 Bacopa
🌿 Gotu Kola
✴DEPRESSION
TYPES
Dysthmia
Major Depressive Disorder
HERBS
🌿 St. John's Wort
✴PAIN
✴HEADACHES
✴MEMORY LOSS
TYPES
Acute Pain
Chronic Pain
Herbs
🌿 Capsicum
🌿 Willow Barks
TYPES
Muscular/myogenic
Vascular
Traction and inflammatory
Cervicogenic
HERBS
🌿 Feverfew
🌿 Caffeine-containing plant
Coffee-dried ripe seed of Coffea arabica L.
Cacao (Cocoa)-roasted seeds of Theobroma cacao L.
Kola(Cola)-dried cotyledons of Cola nitida Vent.
Guarana-crushed seed of Paullinia cupana H.B.K
Tea-leaves and leaf buds of Camellia sinensis L.
Mate-dried leaves
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🌿 Ginkgo biloba (GBE)
active phytochemical
Monoterpenes
Sesquiterpenes
bornyl acetate
bornyl isovalerate
valerenic acid
acetoxyvalerenic acid
Mode of action
⬆GABA concentration
possess
sedative, hypnotic
calmative
anti-hypotensive
antipasmodic
⬇CNS activity
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Alprazolam
Benzodiazepines
CNS depressants drugs (morphine)
active phytochemical
kavalactones
kavapyrones
styrylpyrones
interaction
Acetaminophen
MOA
block voltage-gated Na2+ ion channel
result
induce sleep
muscle relaxation
analgesia
enhance ligand binding to GABA (A receptor)
reduce NA reuptake
Levodopa
active phytochemical
vitexin
Mode of action
have anxiolytic properties
coumarin
umbelliferone
maltol
flavonoids
active phytochemical
humulone, lupulone, colupulone
undergo auto-oxidation
methylbutenol
bitter taste
Mode of action
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click to edit
Mode of action
active phytochemicals
herb-drug interaction
sedative medication
have anxiolytic properties
alkaloids, bacosides A, nicotine
neurotransmitter modulation
beta-amyloid reduction
AChE inibition
saponins, betulinic acid
possess
Mode of action
interaction
cholinergic mechanisms
mild tranquilizing
anti-stress
antianxiety
active phytochemical
hepatotoxic drugs
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click to edit
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flavonoids, terpenes, saponins, aceatic acid
promotes wound healing
⬆collagen production
prevent DNA replication
active phytochemicals
Mode of action
-Naphtodianthrone
pseudohypericin, isohypericin, protohypericin and emodin anthrone
hypericin
-Flavonoids
inhibits reuptake of Neurotransmitter
⬇neurochemicals degradation
⬆ sensitization ⬇ binding to neuroreceptors
⬆ dopaminergic activity
drugs interaction
⬆antidepressants side effect
serotonin syndrome taken with SSRIs
interacts with antihistamines by reducung level
⬇digoxin effect
⬆ effects of sedative
⬆ blood flow
herb-drug interaction
Mode of action
active phytochemicals
antioxidant properties
protects neuron from oxidative damage
beta-amyloid peptides inhibit toxicity & cell death
inhibits MOA
inhibit catechol-O-transferase
⬆ alpha-adrenoreceptor
ginkgolides
bilobalides
⬆ risk of bleeding = Aspirin & Warfarin
⬆ Drugs bioavailability = *Digoxin & Diltiazem
⬆ blood pressure=Thiazide diuretics
⬆intracerebral mass bleeding due to platelet aggregation inhibition = Ibuprofen
sesquiterpenes
monoterpenes
active phytochemicals
Mode of action
herb-drug interaction
sesquiterpene lactone= parthenolide
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reduce inflammation
inhibit platelets aggregation
Parthenolide works on serotonin receptors
active phytochemicals
salicylates
ergotamine
mode of action
herb-drug interactions
alagesics (aspirin & acetaminophen)
⬆drugs activity
Caffeine
constricts cerebral blood vessels
increase drugs absorption
active phytochemical
capsaicin
mode of action
deplete & prevent substance P reaccumulation
herb-drug interaction
local pains not transmitted to brain
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creams
patches
active phytochemicals
fragilin
salicortin
salicin
tremulacin
Anti-coagulant= warfarin
Antihypertensive drugs
herb-drug interaction
mode of action
produce
anti-analgesics
antipyretic effect
anti-inflammatory
inhibit cyclooxygenase
inhibit prostaglandin biosynthesis
⬇ drugs effectiveness
⬆ risk of stomach bleedings
NSAIDS drugs (Ibuprofen)
Diuretics Drugs (Antihypertensive)