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ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDER, Phytoestrogenic Herbs - Coggle Diagram
ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDER
Endochrine therapy- Hormone replacement
:star2:
GYNECOLOGICAL DISORDER
:star2:
HYPERTHYROIDISM
HERBS
:herb:
Bugle Weed
active phytochemicals
rosmarinic acid
chlorogenic acids
lithospermic
exert anti-thyroid effect
mode of action
antithyrotropic activity
inhibits thyrotropin secretion
astringent properties
contraindication
pregnancy/ breastfeeding
diabetic patients
drugs interaction
:red_cross: chemotherapy
:red_cross:sedatives
:red_cross:hormone supplements
:red_cross:oral hypoglycemic
:red_cross:insulin
:red_cross:thyroid medication
:red_cross:oral contraceptives/ fertilty drugs
Treatment
Antithyroid drugs: Propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole
Radioactive iodine
Surgery
Symptoms
weakness
weight loss
nervousness
tachycardia
exophthalmos (bulging eyes)
goiter
:star2:
DIABETES MELLITUS
HERBS
:herb:
Glucomannan
hydrocolloidal polysaccharide
composed of
D-mannose
D-glucose
mode of action
swell and increasing stool bulk
:arrow_up: gastric emptying time
delay carbohydrate absorption
controls sugar levels
:arrow_down: cholesterol levels
treat constipation
absorbs water in stomach and small intestines
:arrow_down: insulin release
treat diabetes
drugs interaction
Antidiabetes drugs
=>blood sugar level drop
Oral drugs: :arrow_down:drugs effectiveness
soluble fiber from root of konjac plant
:check:
Linoleic acid
Prevent nerve damage due to diabetic neuropathy
converted to
Gamma-linoleic acid (GLA)
drugs interaction
Anticoagulant drugs: :arrow_up:bleeding/bruising
Phenothiazenes: :arrow_up:risk of having seizure
normalize impaired glucose tolerance
improve hyperinsulinemia
:herb:
Ginseng
active phytochemicals
hypoglycemic
glycans
Beta- glycosides/ ginsenosides
mode of action
:arrow_down: insulin resistance
:arrow_up: glucose control
:arrow_up: pancreatic B cells function
drugs interaction
Antidiabetes drugs: :arrow_down:blood sugar level
Warfarin: :arrow_down: drugs effectiveness
MAOIs drugs: cause insomnia, anxiousness
paharmacological effect
vasorelaxation
antioxidation
anti-inflammation
Phytoestrogenic
Herbs
estrogenic activity
:herb:
Black Cohosh
active phytochemicals
isoflavone formononetin
triterpene
mode of action
act as selective estrogen receptor modulator
through serotogernic pathway
as an antioxidant
act similar to estrogen
act on inflammatory pathway
drugs interaction
Atorvastatin: :arrow_up: risk liver damage
Cisplatin ::arrow_down: cisplatin activity
Hepatotoxic drugs
:herb:
Evening Primrose Oil
active phytochemicals
70% cis-linoleic acid 9% cis-gamma-linoleic acid (GLA)
mode of action
drugs interaction
:herb:
Chasteberry
active phytochemicals
water-soluble substances
dopaminergic compounds
Flavonoids
Apigenin
casticin
kaempferol
mode of action
inhibit prolactin secretion
bind to estrogen beta-receptor
bind to depamine-2 receptors
by
drugs interaction
Contraceptive drugs
Estrogen pills: :arrow_down: drug effect
Antipsychotic drugs: :arrow_down: drug effectiveness
Dopamine agonists: :arrow_up: drugs side effect
Metoclopramide ::arrow_down: drug effect
dopaminergic properties
:herb:
Black Current Oil
active phytochemicals
12% ALA 17% GLA
lineloic acid
stearidonic acid
mode of action
Fatty acids (ALA & GLA): maintain joint's cell function
ALA & GLA --> converted to prostaglandin
suppress inflammatory response
act as monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)
treat painful menstrual period (pms)
drugs interaction
Antihypertensive drugs
Anticoagulant drugs
Anesthesia
:herb:
Borage Seed Oil
active phytochemicals
pyrrolizidine alkaloids
26-38% GLA
mode of action
suppress tumor necrosis
:arrow_up:prostaglandin E
:arrow_up:cAMP levels
herb-drug interaction
Anticoagulant drugs
Anethesia
NSAIDs
:herb:
Raspberry leaf
active phytochemicals
antioxidant effects
relax blood vessels
contract/ relax muscles
mode of action
stimulation of adiponectin hormone
bioactive compounds
Polyphenols
Dietary fibers
Enzyme & proteins
treat diarhea