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HOW TO TEACH SPEAKING: TOWARDS AUTONOMY, :pencil2: Storytelling is a…

- - - - Activities
        :pencil2: Anecdotes
        -Think about interesting
        story of real incident or
        person
        :pencil2:Making a conversation
        Work in pairs
        A tells a story and B
        listen ,ask for information.
        Swap roles
        
        Through:
        :fire: Perceptions
        :fire:Feelings
        :fire: Thoughts
        :fire: Actions
      - Singular Narrative
        (where each of us has unique)
        :star:Constructed continually
        :star:Constructed unconsciously
  - - - Through storytelling, learners not only bonding with
        each other but they also can improve visualization skills
        as well as interpretation skills
    - - Draw a Picture Game
        
        Students draw any picture they like on any piece of paper.
        
        Swap their drawing with the person next to them.
        
        That person now tells a story based on the drawing they have.
      - Insert the word
        
        Learners are given each card with an unusual word or expression
        
        Perhaps one that has come up recently in class
        
        Keep as a secret
        
        They take turns telling each other an anecdote in which
        they incorporate their 'secret item'
        
        At the end of each telling , the others have to guess what the word or expression was
- - - - Interactivity
        
        Student must be interactive and able to response even in the smallest task or presentations, they need to interact with audience
        
        Challenges
        
        Attract learners to achieve their goals.
        
        The feel of excitement when reaching goals is also an autonomous language use.
        
        Teacher need to be aware of the degree of the difficulty of the challenge & adjust the task accordingly.
        
        Safety
        
        When students doing challenges, they need to be confident & don't put too much of a risk.
        
        The environment need to be supportive & non-judgemental attitude.
        
        Teacher need to be there whenever the students need.
        
        Authenticity
        
        Speaking tasks activity should be related to real-life situation as this can help them to prepare for autonomous language used.
        
        Learners need to experience real-life situation communication to help them speak spontaneously & speak based on their existing experience.
        
        The topics, genre, & situations that are selected according to the learners' needs & interest.
- - - - Sentences Star
        :fire:The learners each draw a five pointed star on a piece of paper. Then the teachers ask them to write on the tip of the first point can,on the second point like, on the third point have, on the fourth point used to, and the fifth point going to (it can be varied according to the syllabus.
        :fire:Individually, they write sentences about themselves using each of the 5 word on the star.
        :fire: In pair or small groups, they take turns to read each other sentences and the other in the group have to ask at least 5 questions about each sentences.
        :fire: Finally, open class stage, people can report the interesting things they have learned about their classmates.
    - - Example
        Sentence Starters:
        One of us can ...
        Two of us can ...
        Three of us can ...
        All of us can ...
        None of us can ...
        Activity:
        Spokesperson: One of us can play the guitar.
        Teacher: Oh really, let me guess who that could be? Ernersto, is it you ... ?
        
        ✏The activities can help break the classroom ice, but little or no conversation will be possible unless the teachers can demonstrate their willingness to be conversational partners, too
        ✏ This will mean, at times, relinquishing their traditional pedagogic role in order simply to talk to the learners
        ✏At times, it may be useful if teachers hand over at least some of the question asking the learners
        
        Benefits of bringing guests into classroom in order to talk with learners:
        👉🏼Providing new focus of interest
        👉🏼Guest can expose learners to a different accent and vocal style
        👉🏼If guest is not a teacher, can provide experience interacting in ways that more naturally reflect real-life communication
        Example activity:
        ✍🏼 Ask learners to prepare a few questions in advance
        ✍🏼'Interview' the guest as a class, allowing the guest's answer to fuel further question
        ✍🏼Write up summary of the interview in pairs or small group
    - - INTRODUCTION
        :pencil2: Attitudes to classroom conversation and casual chat have varied over the years
        :pencil2: A writer, Lois Alexander said the traditional conversation lesson is no value at all if the student is not ready for it. He said, the student must first be trained to use patterns in carefully graded aural/oral drills
        :pencil2: A London language school was still advising 'the teacher and the student must not chat during the lesson'. They must only ask and answer the questions in the book. 'Chatting is a waste or time'
        :pencil2: ( A school have argues about this) As Evelyn Hatch ' language learning is how to carry on conversation', for example, out of learning, (how to communicate) even though have a side has been argued about this (second language is not the result of language learning but it still a site of learning occurs)
      - :check: One teacher in USA, Gisela Ernst using the talking circles to improving the conversation 'lesson'.
        How : :question:
        -A group activity takes around 45minutes in conversational English class.
        -The teacher might open the discussion by suggesting a general topic ( experiences, news, special events etc). The discussion might be anything that interest to them.