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COLD ENVIRONMENTS- POLAR AND TUNDRA, negative tourism impact , ADAPTATIONS…

- - - - reindeers
      - carnivores have to follow the herbivores
    - - which prevents permafrost below the thawing
        
        permafrost provides water for the plants
  - - - this may thaw the permafrost saturating the soil and prevent plant growth
        
        with fewer plants to eat, animals will struggle to find enough food to survive
        
        melting permafrost releases greenhouse gases contributing to global warming
- - - - which depends on the waste
      - can also contaminate and pollution the oceans and marine life
      - can injure and kill marine wildlife
- - - - increase in activity and energy consumption
- - - - reduces energy that they use for warmth
- - - - changes to the lemming population will affect the populations of their predators e.g- arctic foxes
- - - - how is water connected to the homes and prevented from freezing?
        
        how can roads be maintained and constructed?
  - - - can make work slow and tiring
- - - - Environmental groups are against it
        
        as burning coal is an act of contribution to greenhouse gases
    - - it is the main economic activity
      - more than 300 people are employed in the mines and as support staff
      - in recent years industry faced decline due to local world coal prices and loss of jobs
      - recently a new mine was opened near svea. to gain access a road was placed over a glacier
  - - - environmentalists beleive the station shouldbe closed down and renewable sources should be reviewed
        
        most likely source is geothermal energy, tapping into the heat of the earth and using it for energy sources
    - - svalbard located close to the mid- alantic ridge - constructive plate margin. thin crust and hot rocks close to the surface
    - - caputure CO2 from burning coal and circulating this instead of H2O to generate electricity - known as carbon capture storage**
  - - - one of the richest fishing grounds
      - fishing in the Barent seas are closley controlled and monitored by russia and norway to ensure fishing is sustainable
      - and the ecosystem is protected
    - - these waters are important for breeding and nursery grounds for fish stocks and need to be protected from pollution