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Mycobacterium and Actinomycetes - Coggle Diagram
Mycobacterium and Actinomycetes
characteristic
aerobic
Acid Fast
Non spore forming
slow growing
aerobic
Species
M. Tuberculosis
tuberculosis
M. Avium -intracellulare
Tb like humans, birds and swine
M. Bovis
Tb, cattle
M. Fortuitum complex
wound infections
M. Kansasii
Tb-like ds
M. Laprae
Hansen's Ds (leprosy)
Cant be cultured in vitro
not stronly acid fast
cause severe disfigurement
Muscle paralysis
Lab Diagnosis
histological exam of skin biopsies
stain by ZN method
Treatment
Antileprotic drug: Dapsone, rifampicin
Correct deformities
treat rx with anti inflammatory drug
M.Marinum
cutaneous lesions in human
Laboratory Characteristics
Culture and Characteristic
Media: LOWENSTEIN-JENSEN MEDIUM
Rate Growth: Slow growing (2-4 weeks/ up to 8 weeks)
Opt temp: 35-37°C
Colony Appear: Rough (dry, irregular growth) tough, buff (pale yellow colour
Laboratory Molecule
Microscopy
Ziehl-Neelsen staining
Culture Method- Failed to grow at 25°C and 41°C, do not grow on egg media
PCR
Non tuberculous
Types
Runyon I: Photochromogens
Runyon II: Scotochromogens
Runyon III: Nonchromogenic
Runyon IV: Rapid Growers
Treatment
Combination:
1st line Isoniazid+Rifampin,
pyrazinamide, ethambuthol and streptomycin
2nd line: Kanamycin, ethionamide
LONG TERM THERPY (6-9 m)
Prevention: B
ACTINOMYCETES characteristics
non acid fast
gram +ve bacilli
branching filament
facultative anaerobes
35-37°C
Actinomycetes israelli
commensal of mouth and female genital tract
major agent of human actinomycosis
yellowish sulphur granules in pus discharge from sinus tract
or squeeze from lesions
stain: Gram, ZN
Culture: blood, brain heart infusion agar
Form spider colonies resemble molar teeth
Treatment: Penicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic (2W)
Nicorcadia
Nocardia SP
tissue lesion abcess
causes by Nocardia asteroids
Lab diagnosis
microscopical in sputum: Gram+ and weakly acid fast
incubation 1 days-1 month at 45°C
MEDIA: LJ, blood agar etc
colonies: cream, orange or pink, dry, chalky, tough
characteristic
strict aerobes
environment saprophytes
branching filament
gram +ve
weakly acid fast
