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Week 2; Organisational therories - Coggle Diagram
Week 2; Organisational therories
Classical Theories
Key Thinkers
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth
The Principles of Motion economy (Motion study)
Henry Grant
The development of the 'Gantt chart' (planning tool which helps plan the use of resources within a limited time period
Frederick Windslow Taylor
Published the principles of scientific management, which evolved into "work study"(analysis of rate of work)A productivity rise by more people working harder; time study
Charles Bedaux
Rating assessment in timing work (recovery from fatigue)
Scientific Criticisms
Henry Fayol
Had the 14 principles of Management, 6 principle activities
Max webber (Bureaucracy)
Traditional authority
Rational-legal authority
Charismatic authority
Official duties; Division of labour; hierarchical authority; Rules and regulation; Impersonal; Technical Qualifications
Human Relations Theory
effciency
Directed at Humans
Anti soft management styles
System Theories
Organisations viewed entirely as open
Open systems with three stages;
Inputs
outputs
conversion
Combinations of Classical and Human relations theory
Consists of a number of interrelated sub-systems
Effective work depends on socio-technical systems
Contingency Theories
Effective management depends on a number of contingency variables
Reject absolutist approaches proposed by classical and Human relations theories
Two Extreme forms;
Mechanistic
Organisations are similar to organisational systems advocated by classical Theorists
Organic
are designed based on the philosophies of the human relations movement
In reality, an organisation is neither 100% organic nor mechanistic
-Differentiation
-intergration
Hawthorne Study
Mayo (Harvard University Professor)
Found that worker output increase when management considered employee social relationship
Needs for affiliation could be greater than monetary value