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Placental abruption - Coggle Diagram
Placental abruption
Rick factors
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Hypertension-related problems during pregnancy, including preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome or eclampsia
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Early rupture of membranes, which causes leaking amniotic fluid before the end of pregnancy
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Being older, especially older than 40
Symptoms
Vaginal bleeding, although there might not be any
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Uterine contractions, often coming one right after another
Nursing care
Place the woman in a lateral, not supine position to avoid pressure in the vena cava.
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Diagnosis
During an ultrasound, high-frequency sound waves create an image of your uterus on a monitor.
Pathophysiology
Placental abruption occurs when the maternal vessels tear away from the placenta and bleeding occurs between the uterine lining and the maternal side of the placenta. As the blood accumulates, it pushes the uterine wall and placenta apart. The placenta is the fetus’ source of oxygen and nutrients as well as the way the fetus excretes waste products. Diffusion to and from the maternal circulatory system is essential to maintaining these life-sustaining functions of the placenta. When accumulating blood causes separation of the placenta from the maternal vascular network, these vital functions of the placenta are interrupted. If the fetus does not receive enough oxygen and nutrients, it dies.