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ADJECTIVAL CLAUSES (RELATIVE CLAUSE) - Coggle Diagram
ADJECTIVAL CLAUSES
(RELATIVE CLAUSE)
FUNCTION
Modify a noun or a pronoun
Identify people and things or give more information about them.
Is introduced by a
relative pronoun
(
Who, Whom, Which, Whose, That
) or a
relative adverb
(
Where, when, why
)
2 TYPES
DEFINING
:check:
identify/define
the person or thong that the noun/ pronoun refers to.
not separated by commas
in writing and by pause in speech.
cannot be omitted
NON-DEFINING
:green_cross:
extra information
about the person or thing
Separated by commas
can be omitted
OMIT RELATIVE PRONOUNS
:star:
In defining clauses
pronouns as Object( of the relative clause)
THAT
is not used :star:
1. in non-defining clauses
WHICH=> a whole clause
3. After preposition
THAT
is used :star:
After nouns referring to both people & things
Indefinite pronouns (
nobody, something, everyone
) :silhouettes:
3. All, some, any, no, none,little, few, much
as pronouns
Only
Ex: the only thing
that
matters is to find our way home
Superlatives
Ordinals
Ex: This is the second time
that
I've spoken in public
QUANTIFIER+ of WHOM/WHICH
...,SOME of WHOM/WHICH...
...,EACH of WHOM/WHICH...
...,ALL of WHOM/ WHICH...
...,BOTH of WHOM/ WHICH...
THE SUPERLATIVE FORM/ ORDINAL FORM+ of WHOM/ WHICH
...,the first of WHOM/ WHICH...
..., he best of WHOM/ WHICH...
..., the smallest of WHOM? WHICH...
REDUCE
(omit relative pronouns+change the V)
When relative pronoun is subject
Using Ving-active or Vpp-passive=> change the V
Simple=> complex: cleft sentence (It(be)...that...)
Complex=> simple: reducing the relative clause