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Organizational planning tools - Coggle Diagram
Organizational planning tools
Fishbone diagram
“4 Ms”
Manpower
Methods
Machines
Materials
“4 Ps”
People
Places
Procedures
Politics
Designed to show the cause and effects of
qualitative problems.
Benefits
It is flexible
It is simple and visually
attractive
It is motivating as it brings people together to discuss problems
Can highlight many factors before singling out the most significant
Limitations
Not show
specific solutions
Can be divisive and lead to
arguments
Requires knowledge and
honesty to justify assertions
“4 Ss”
Surroundings
Suppliers
Systems
Skills
Developed by Kaoru Ishikawa in 1968.
Decision tree
Help a business with its strategic decision making.
Benefits
It supports a logical planning process.
Communication and cooperation between departments is improved.
Requires a formal and thorough examination of an issue,
Decision nodes are represented by a square
Sets out the options connected with a decision and the outcomes and economic returns that may result.
Limitations
The process can be time consuming and expensive.
The external environment is constantly changing, which may invalidate findings.
The results are purely quantitative and may ignore more important qualitative information.
Gant chart
Managers check for progress by marking off (typically
colouring) the tasks as time elapses.
Benefits
Gives a clear picture of current progress of the various tasks
Is flexible and can be applied to many situations
Allows managers to plan the use of resources to complete the project in the most efficient manner
Illustrate the start and finish dates of the terminal
elements and summary elements of a project
Limitations
Is difficult to follow when applied to very complex projects
Cannot separate out interdependent tasks
Is based on mainly qualitative data, not quantitative data (such as costs)
Can be used to show current schedule status using
percent-complete shadings and a vertical “today” line.
Force field analysis
Benefits
Is flexible and can be applied to many situations
Is simple and visually
attractive
Gives a clear answer
to a difficult decision
Limitations
Is based on estimates of the value of each individual factor
Is based on mainly qualitative data, not quantitative issues
Involves interpretations in determining which factors to include
Identify and analyze the positive factors of a situation that help (driving forces) and negative factors that hinder (restraining forces) an entity in attaining its objectives.