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What conditions are the most favourable for microbial food production? -…
What conditions are the most favourable for microbial food production?
I.V Examples
Yogurt
How much bacteria is added per 100ml of milk
Bread
The amount of sugar added to the break increase the mean size of holes in the bread?
The holes are created by carbon dioxide pockets, created as a product of anerobic respiration
Take a cross section and measure all holes over a certain radius
Yeast
The amount of sugar added
D.V.
The amount of CO2 produced
Measured using a Go Direct CO2 Gas Sesor
Kombucha
How much suger per 100ml of kombucha is added
D.V.
Could test the p.H. of the kombucha//yogurt
Reference List
https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/biology/microbiology/food-microbiology/foods-from-microorganisms
How is yogurt made-
How is yogurt made- (2020). Available at:
https://animalsmart.org/kids-zone/jr-animal-scientist-e-news/how-is-yogurt-made-
(Accessed: 11 August 2020).
Yeast
1.
follow:
https://gatherforbread.com/easy-perfect-yeast-bread/
for instructions on making bread
The yeast feeds off of the sugars, undergoing anerobic respiration, creating carbon dioxide
A type of fungus
The holes in bread are the result of carbon dioxide pocketin the bread while being baked. The CO2 is a result of anaerobic respiration in the yeast
The ethanol produced by yeast is evaporated while the bread is being made
In alcohol, the ethanol produced by the yeast does not evaporate.
Yeast uses sugar as a reactant in anaerobic respiration.
By controlling the concentration of sugar in a yeast solution, the rate of anaerobic respiration can be controlled.
Dairy Foods
Cheese
Quick recipies do not use microbes
Longer recipies require a longer time-frame than allocatedf
Yogurt
1.
Milk is heated to 93 degrees clecius
Leave for 10-30mins
2.
After time, reduce temperature to 44 degrees Celsius
3.
Add Streptococcus thermophilus or Lactobacillus bulgaricus.
Streptococcus thermophilus
Does not have cytochrome, oxidase, or catalase activity. (All have a function in rell resperation, catalysing oxidation reactions or decomposing hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen/
Has alpha-hemolytic activity. Undergoes hemolysis, causing hemoglobin to oxidize into methemoglobin. This changes the state of the iron to Fe^2+, not allowing it to bind with oxygen. Resulting in lowered rates of cellular respiration (aerobic respiration).
The methmoglobin changes colours on an agar dish
Lactobacillus bulgaricus
4.
Store in container in fridge for at least 4 hours. The longer, the more tangy (More lactic acid)
Due to bacteria being able to undergo anaerobic respiration for longer
The lactic acid kills most other microbes
Kombucha
1.
Follow
https://www.kombuchakamp.com/kombucha-recipe
for instruction on making kombucha
2.
Symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY)
Bacteria undergoes fermentation process and creates lactic and acetic acid
Vinegar
Takes two months to ferment, so unable to test in timeframe