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Sustainable development: A bird’s eye view - Coggle Diagram
Sustainable development: A bird’s eye view
Introduction
It gives us some backgground information ,and explains why and how the writer do this research
Modern Milestones
Since entering the modern times, the development can be divided into the starting up period， the stagnation period , a period with major achievements, and a period of decline.
During this period, political conferences on sustainable development were held many times, and sustainability as a new development model was officially recognized by the global
Genesis——Historical Roots
The concept of sustainable development has been around for a long time, but it has been paid more attention in recent years. The reason is that the damage caused by the rapid development of human activities to the environment has reached the earth's bearing limit.
Fundamental Sustainability Principles
The reasons for the diversity of interpretations of concepts.
The aim of sustainable development
Four fundamental sustainability principles:
1.the Normativity principle
2.the Equity principle
the Integration principle
4.the Dynamism principle
Mainstream Sustainability Views
Our Common Future
(1) “nominal definition” or “mission statement”
It leads to “the concept of ‘needs’, in particular the essential needs of the world’s poor
(2) its “operational definition”
eight critical and interrelated objectives for sustainable development:
(1) reviving growth; (2) changing the quality of growth; (3) meeting essential needs for jobs, food, energy, water, and sanitation; (4) ensuring a sustainable level of population; (5) conserving and enhancing the resource base; (6) reorienting technology and managing risk; (7) merging environment and economics in decision making; and (8) reorienting international economic relations
Sustainability Models
“3Ps” model or “triple bottom line”
aims for the harmonious integration, in a dynamic setting - as “a process of change” - of four pillars:
Economic
Environmental
Institutional
Social
Critics about "3Ps"model
The Earth Charter 地球宪章
Governing Sustainability: Governance, Participation, Transition Management and Resilience
治理可持续性：治理、参与、过渡管理和恢复力
The 16 sustainability principles of the Earth Charter
地球宪章的16条可持续性原则