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natural numbers and whole numbers - Coggle Diagram
natural numbers and whole numbers
roman numerals
(b) The value of I, X and C are added as:
I = 1
II = 1 + 1 = 2
III = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3
X = 10
XX = 10 + 10 = 20
XXX = 10 + 10 +10 = 30
(c) No digit is repeated in succession more than thrice, i.e., I, X and C cannot be repeated more than 3 times.
(d)When a digit of lower value is written to the left or before a digit of higher value, then the value of the lower digit is subtracted from the value of the digit of higher value. As:
IV = 5 - 1 = 4
IX = 10 - 1 = 9
XL = 50 - 10 = 40
XIV = 10 + (5 - 1) = 14
XIX = 10 + (10 - 1) = 19
XXIX = 10 + 10 + (10 - 1) = 29
(a) We know the value of I = 1, value of X is 10 and value of C is 100.
Only one I, X, and C can be used as the leading numeral in part of a subtractive pair.
I can only be placed before V and X.
X can only be placed before L and C.
C can only be placed before D and M.
Step by step
982
= 900 + 80 + 2
= CM + LXXX + II
= CMLXXXII
whole numbers and their representation on number line.
A straight line, theoretically extending to infinity in both positive and negative directions from zero, that shows the relative order of the real numbers.
successor and predecessor
successor-number after the given number
Example : Find the successor of 12 .
Say 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 and then the next number is 13 so 13 is the success
predecessor-the numeral before the given number
Example : Find the before number of 9 .
Say 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 so before 9 we said 8 so 8 is the predecessor of 9.
operations on numbers
addition
1234+8262
subtraction
29422-6885=22547
Multiplication
normal
For example
3 × 7 = 7 + 7 + 7 = 21
5 × 6 = 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 30
distributive
2 × (3 + 5) = 2 × 8 = 16
2 × 3 + 2 × 5 = 6 + 10 = 16
mini distributive
Example: 3 × (2 + 4) = 3×2 + 3×4. So the "3" can be "distributed" across the "2+4" into 3 times 2 and 3 times 4.
estimation
addition
215+436=200+400=600
multiplication
61
47=60
50
=3000
simplification
36-[12+(3
10/2)]=36-[12+(3
5)]=36-[12+15]=36-27=9
division
(i) 27 ÷ 9
3
Divide and verify the result:
(ii) 72 ÷ 9
8
(iii) 45 ÷ 5
9
(iv) 54 ÷ 6
9
