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BIOMOLECULES Castillo, Bilbao, Vila & Anaya, rna y dna, image - Coggle…

- - - - simple sugars
        
        Glucose
        
        Fructose
    - - 2 simple sugars joined together
        
        Sucrose
        
        Maltose
    - - Some carbohydrated and polimers made up of lots of sugar joined together.
        
        Starch
        
        Inside the plant cell
        
        Storage glucose made in photosyntesis
        
        Glycogen
        
        Storage use by animals for surplus glucose
        
        In the liber and muscle tissues
        
        Cellulose
        
        Found in plant walls
    - - Oxygen
      - Carbon
      - Hydrogen
  - - - If it becomes blue-black
        
        There is no reducing sugar
      - If it becomes orange-red
        
        Contains reducing sugar
  - - - Human blood contains dissolved glucose, that goes from cell to cell, using glucose for energy needed for being alive.
- - - - For the coding of our traits
  - - - Deoxyribonucleic acid
      - Carries a code that instructs the cell about which kinds of proteins it should make.
      - Together with the proteins make the chromosomes
        
        Each chromosome carries instructions for making different proteins.
      - A part of a DNA molecule is called a gene
        
        determine all sorts of things about you.
    - - Ribonucleic acid
      - Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA.
        
        For controlling the synthesis of proteins
        
        In some viruses RNA instead of DNA carries the genetic information.
  - - - Including within bacteria, archaea, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and viruses.
      - Found in lots of our food, when you eat something that comes from a once living organism it can contain the DNA.
        
        For example a strawberry
        
        In the nucleus of all of it cells contains DNA so Nucleic Acids.
  - - - This ones are the monomers, the nucleotides
- - - - Four smaller molecules joined together: one of them is glycerol: three long molecules called fatty acids.
  - - - Can be used in a cell to release energy but only when all available carbohydrates have been used.
      - Storing energy (for a long time)
        
        Adipose tissue
        
        Cells underneath the skin, become filled with large drops of fats or oils which are used to release energy when needed.
        
        Keep heat inside the body, insulate the body.
        
        Many plants store oils in their seeds which provide a good store of energy for germination.
      - Make up cell membranes
  - - - Chop the food and shake it up with ethanol, then pour ethanol in water.
        
        If the mixture remains transparent.
        
        There was no fat in the food.
        
        If the mixture turns white and opaque and it breaks up into millions of tiny droplets.
        
        There was fat in the food.
- - - - Help in digestion of food by catabolizing nutrients into monomeric units.
    - - Carry substances in the blood.
    - - Construct different structures, like the cytoskeleton.
      - It is insoluble in water.
    - - Coordinate the activity of different body systems.
    - - Protect the body from foreign pathogens.
    - - Effect muscle contraction.
    - - Provide nutrition in early development of the embryo and the seedling.
  - - - E.G: Haemoglobin
        
        It is the red pigment in blood.
    - - These help to kill bacteria and viruses inside the body.