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India´s foreign policy - Coggle Diagram

- - - - especially in neighbourhood
      - india´s has to reconsider its diplomacy´s trajectory
    - - World order
        
        Bipolar (1947-91), Unipolar (1991-2008), Multipolar (Present time)
        
        after US went to economic crisis
        
        China caught up all power
      - lead us
        
        toward protectionism
      - Increase in tariff
      - licence requirements and
      - restrictions on imports
      - basically anti-trade
    - - Chinese Transgressions along LAC
      - cartographic aggression by little Nepal
      - Iran virtual alliance with China
      - RUS getting close to China
      - PAK shooting across LoC
      - Looming financial crisis and other challenges
    - - ability to spread
        
        Indian soft power
      - lobby for
        
        Indian´s National interests
      - contribute economically to India
- - - - Nepal
        
        Hostile against India
        
        adopted new map
        
        revived border disputes with India
      - Sri Lanka
        
        tilted toward china
        
        undertaking massive infrastructure projects
      - Bangladesh
        
        Not pleased with CAA
      - China
        
        India´s facing
        
        in last 20 years
        
        its gravest national security crisis
        
        china try to change status quo along the LAC
        
        Triggered Indian neighbourhood indirectly
        
        Capacity of China
        
        exposed India´s deficit
        
        Great favour to India
        
        Really pushed India to do much more
        
        to focus on its neighbourhood
        
        which long time
        
        it took for granted
      - Afghanistan
        
        undergoing major transition
        
        India is out of multi-party talks
      - Iran
        
        India facing some setbacks in Infrastructure projects
      - India´s smart power
        
        relative decline
        
        especially in the neighbourhood
        
        and extended neighbourhood
        
        Decline linked with US
        
        Become a de facto ally of the US
        
        aligning it´s policies with US interest
        
        E.g. Iran and China
        
        Domestic politics
        
        Passed CAA
        
        Abrogation of special status of J&K
        
        High Handedness in Nepal consti Crisis
      - India Region
        
        least integrated regions
        
        deficits in terms of
        
        infrastructure, connectivity,
        
        and interdependence.
        
        exposed to various geopolitical
    - - Russia´s relationship
        
        quasi-alliance with china
        
        Seems like
        
        veil of a fairy tale
        
        cannot be all weather friend (e.g. 1962 War)
        
        India
        
        defence relationship
        
        account 60% our arms supply
        
        is explicable not sustainable
      - UNSC Expansion
        
        Vast majority of the member
        
        want to abolish the veto
        
        rather than give it to more countries
        
        India getting a permanent seat is dicey
      - Membership of NSG
        
        Set up originally
        
        to deny
        
        India any nuclear material
        
        following India´s nuclear tests in 1974
        
        Now India allowed to join
      - Format of SAARC
        
        outdated and doesnt serve the complex
    - - Changing World Order
      - Threat from China
      - Non-Alignment to Multi-alignment
      - focusing
        
        contemporary ties
        
        on every major account
      - Increased global interest
        
        in Indo-Pacific
        
        India being
        
        net security providers
    - - Further Angers China
      - Hamper India-Russia Relations
      - Implications on regional ties
      - China
        
        try to tarnish
        
        India´s relations
        
        with its neighbours
        
        and extended neighbours
      - Shangakai CO
        
        RUS, CHI, West Asia
        
        focus might take a hit
        
        since US growing influence
    - - India is peace loving country
      - determined to protect
        
        its sovereignty and
        
        territorial integrity
        
        in the face of
        
        “unilateralism and aggression”
      - peace
        
        could only be ensured
        
        through "the ability to deter war"
      - India´s interest
        
        secure trade routes
        
        shipping lines of communication
        
        fishing rights and communication
        
        require ability
        
        contribute to global effort
        
        maintain open and free oceans
- - - - American Scholar
        
        Joseph Nye
        
        calls "power with others"
        
        to accomplish joint goals
      - not through
        
        isolation or alliance
        
        with one great power
        
        should be variable combination
        
        with several like-minded partners
      - India
        
        shouldn´t be aligned with any particular nation
        
        but, should be aligned with its interests
    - - has been constant work in progress
      - should not be
        
        episodic
        
        event-oriented
      - should be
        
        process-oriented
      - plan
        
        for continous engagement
        
        at various levels
      - focus on creating
        
        interdependence in this region
        
        will give India
        
        strategic leverage
      - The India Way
        
        S. Jaishankar says
        
        dealing
        
        with India’s neighbours
- - - - Reinterpreted freedom
        
        shown flexibility for survival
      - 1962 War with China
        
        non-alignment with US
        
        aid to stave off the chinese
        
        emergency military
      - 1971 War with PAK
        
        Treaty of peace, friendship and co-op with RUS
        
        Ward off both China and US
      - 1999 War with PAK
        
        welcomed direct Intervention
        
        US to force PAK to back down
      - India´s diplomacy Move
        
        did not become less autonomous
        
        when geopolitical compelled
        
        enter
        
        into de-facto alliance
        
        co-op with major power
        
        India
        
        secured its freedom, sovereignty, territorial integrity
        
        by manoeuvre
        
        great power equations
        
        playing the realpolitik game
        
        Current Condition
        
        Fear of US
        
        Proximity to the US
        
        lead to loss India´s strategic autonomy
        
        never been subordinated
        
        to foreign hegemon
        
        Fear of China
        
        Possibly China Challenge
        
        India´s security and sovereignty
      - BP
        
        India should stay
        
        means
        
        intensified co-op
        
        with Middle powers in ASIA and
        
        around the world
        
        Independent power centre
        
        Diversification
        
        "essence of self-reliance"
        
        wide basket of strategic partners
        
        only viable
        
        diplomatic way
        
        forward in
        
        current emerging multipolar world order
      - Protectionism
        
        S-R Render
        
        Indian firms uncompetitive
        
        and consumers worse off
        
        dream of making
        
        India export hub
        
        3rd largest economy will come crashing
        
        Reducing competition
        
        and allowing domestic cost
        
        to rise
        
        hardly
        
        deliver economic growth